Notes

Towards a Thorough and strong Micromanipulation Technique with Force-Sensing as well as VR Capabilities.
Morphological examination revealed solitary parathyroid adenoma. After surgery, hypocalcemia developed requiring high doses of alfacalcidol and calcium supplements.

Our case supports the previous observations in adults that denosumab can be safely and effectively used as a preoperative treatment in patients with PHPT and severe hypercalcemia and shows that it may be used in pediatric patients.
Our case supports the previous observations in adults that denosumab can be safely and effectively used as a preoperative treatment in patients with PHPT and severe hypercalcemia and shows that it may be used in pediatric patients.
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Dalk and Ghamz on pain and disability in patients with nonspecific chronic neck pain.

This study was conducted on 37 patients with nonspecific chronic neck pain. Dalk and Ghamz massage were performed once a week for four sessions and the neck pain was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS). In addition, the neck disability index (NDI) was used to assess the disability related to neck disorder. Data were analyzed with the SPSS software.

Among 37 patients, 85.5% were female and 13.5% were male. A significant decrease in VAS score was observed during the study (F = 57.77, p < 0.001). The NDI score decreased from 27.27 ± 5.83 to 19.08 ± 7.71 (p < 0.001).

Dalk and Ghamz massage in patients with nonspecific neck pain could reduce pain and disability.
Dalk and Ghamz massage in patients with nonspecific neck pain could reduce pain and disability.
Small-intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NET) are situated preferentially within the ileum. The aim was to describe a potential difference in location between unifocal and multiple ileal-NET.

Between December 2010 and December 2019, all consecutive patients who underwent resection in our European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society Center of Excellence, of at least one non-duodenal SI-NET, were retrospectively included. The main objective was to prove that multiple ileal-NET were mostly located on the left side of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) axis (defined as 40cm from the ileocecal valve), and unifocal ones on the right-side.

Ninety-four patients were included, six with unifocal jejunal-NET located 35cm (range, 10-60) from the duodenojejunal angle (DJA), 44 (47%) with unifocal ileal-NET, and 44 (47%) with multiple ileal-NET. The median number of tumors in multiple ileal-NET was 7 (range, 2-95), within a median small bowel segment of 105cm (10-240). The median length between the proximal tumor and the DJA was 428cm (300-635) and 540cm (350-725) for the distal one; 40 (91%) of them were located on the left side of the SMA axis. In contrast, unifocal ileal-NET were located at a median distance of 577cm (305-820) from the DJA (p<0.001, compared to multiple ileal-NET); 30 (68%) of them were on the right side of the SMA axis (p<0.001).

Multiple ileal-NET are mostly located on the left side of the SMA axis. Further studies are warranted to explore the embryological origin of unifocal versus multiple ileal-NET.
Multiple ileal-NET are mostly located on the left side of the SMA axis. Further studies are warranted to explore the embryological origin of unifocal versus multiple ileal-NET.
It remains unclear whether TERT promoter mutation (TERT C228T) in serum cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is useful for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

In this retrospective study, we analyzed the relationships between TERT C228T in serum cfDNA and levels of AFP and PIVKAII in 57 Japanese patients with histopathologically confirmed NAFLD background, consisting of 36 patients with HCC and 21 without HCC. We also examined the liver-related survival rate and HCC recurrence rate after the initial treatment for HCC. selleck chemical TERT C228T was detected using a highly sensitive method based on wild-type blocking PCR (detection limit in excess of 0.7% mutant-type DNA).

In all of the 57 patients, multivariate analysis identified TERT C228T positive as significant determinant of primary HCC. In the 36 patients with HCC, the percentage of patients positive for TERT C228T was 63.9%. The percentage of patients positive for TERT C228T with normal AFP and PIVKAII was 35.3%. The positive predictive value and specificity for prediction of BCLC stage 0 or A were both high. In 6 patients, TERT C228T was repeatedly negative during follow-up but became positive at the time of HCC diagnosis. Four patients who underwent HCC surgical resection had well-differentiated solitary HCC measuring <30 mm, and all were TERT C228T positive with normal AFP and PIVKAII. TERT C228T status had no influence on the cumulative liver-related survival rate and HCC recurrence rate.

Our results highlight the superiority of TERT C228T in serum cfDNA compared with AFP and PIVKAII in the early diagnosis of primary HCC in NAFLD patients.
Our results highlight the superiority of TERT C228T in serum cfDNA compared with AFP and PIVKAII in the early diagnosis of primary HCC in NAFLD patients.
Protein-energy malnutrition and cardiovascular (CV) disease predisposes patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis to a high risk of early death, but the prognostic value of prealbumin (PAB) and echocardiographic indices in ESRD patients treated with maintenance peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains unclear.

A total of 211 PD patients (mean age 49.2 ± 15.4 years, 51.7% male) were prospectively studied. PAB and echocardiography parameters were recorded at baseline. Follow-up (mean ± SD 33.7 ± 17.3 months) was conducted based on hospital records, clinic visits, and telephone reviews, to record death events and their causes.

In the Cox proportional hazards model, PAB and the echocardiographic parameters listed below were found to be optimal predictors of all-cause mortality PAB (p = 0.003), aortic root diameter (ARD) (p = 0.004), interventricular septum end-diastolic thickness (IVSd) (p = 0.046), and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter index (LVEDDI) (p = 0.029). Of the above-mentioned factorsters for the prediction of outcomes in ESRD are required.
In PD patients, low serum PAB and abnormal echocardiographic parameters together were significantly associated with all-cause mortality and CV death, independently of other risk factors. These risk factors for death in PD are similar to those in the general population. Noticeably, the combination of echocardiographic parameters and PAB could provide additional predictive value for mortality in PD patients. In light of these findings, more studies in an optimal model containing PAB and echocardiographic parameters for the prediction of outcomes in ESRD are required.
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