Notes

Multiscale Mechanical Model of the particular Pacinian Corpuscle Displays Degree and Anisotropy Bring about the Receptor's Characteristic Reply to Indentation.
Public health scholars have increasingly called for greater attention to the political and policy processes that enable or constrain successful prioritisation of health on government agendas. Much research investigating policy agenda-setting in public health has focused on the use of single frameworks, in particular Kingdon's Multiple Streams Framework. More recently, scholars have argued that blending complementary policy frameworks can enable greater attention to a wider range of drivers that influence government agendas away from or towards progressive social and health policies. In this paper, we draw on multiple policy process frameworks in a study of agenda-setting for Australia's first national paid parental leave scheme. Introduced in 2011 after decades of advocacy, this scheme provides federal government-funded parental leave for eighteen weeks' pay at the minimum wage for primary caregivers, with evaluations showing improved health and equity outcomes. Drawing on empirical data collected from documentary sources and interviews with 25 key policy informants, we find that a combination of policy frameworks; in this case, Kingdon's Multiple Streams; Advocacy Coalition Framework; Punctuated Equilibrium; Narrative Policy Framework; and Policy Feedback helped explain how this landmark social policy came about. However, none of these frameworks were adequate without situating them within a critical feminist lens which enabled an explicit focus on the gendered nature of power. We argue that, alongside making use of policy process frameworks, social determinants of health policy research needs to engage with critical frameworks which share an explicit agenda for improving people's daily living conditions and the re-distribution of power, money, and resources in ways that promote health equity. Great gains have been made in providing researchers geo-spatial data that can be combined with population health data. This development is crucial given concerns over the human health outcomes associated with a changing climate. Merging population and environmental data remains both conceptually and technically challenging because of a large range of temporal and spatial scales. Here we propose a framework that addresses and advances both conceptual and technical aspects of population-environment research. This framework can be useful for considering how any time or space-based environmental occurrence influences population health outcomes and can be used to guide different data aggregation strategies. The primary consideration discussed here is how to properly model the space and time effects of environmental context on individual-level health outcomes, specifically maternal, child and reproductive health outcomes. The influx of geospatial health data and highly detailed environmental data, often at daily scales, provide an opportunity for population-environment researchers to move towards a more theoretically and analytically sound approach for studying environment and health linkages. INTRODUCTION Next-generation sequencing (NGS) based on genomic DNA has been widely applied for gene rearrangement detection in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, intergenic-breakpoint fusions, in which one or both genomic breakpoints localize to intergenic regions, confound kinase fusion detection. We evaluated the function of intergenic-breakpoint fusions with multiplex molecular testing approaches. METHODS NSCLCs with intergenic-breakpoint fusion identified by DNA-based NGS were analyzed by RNA-based NGS, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). RESULTS Twenty-six cases with single intergenic-breakpoint fusion were identified from a large cohort of NSCLCs using DNA-based NGS. Of the 26 cases, RNA-based NGS detected expressed fusion transcripts in 11 cases, and the genomic breakpoint position did not logically predict breakpoint of the fusion transcript in these cases, possibly due to complex rearrangements (n=5), alternative splicing (n=2) and reciprocal rearrangement (n=4). Nonetheless, no expressed fusion transcript was detected in 5 cases. Moreover, positive ALK IHC was observed in 3 of the remaining 10 cases without RNA-based NGS results. Three intergenic-breakpoint ALK fusion cases with or without RNA-based NGS/IHC confirmation receiving crizotinib treatment showed partial responses. However, one intergenic-breakpoint ROS1 case, given the positive FISH result, received crizotinib but developed progressive disease within one month, possibly owing to no functional fusion transcript detected by RNA-based NGS. CONCLUSIONS Intergenic-breakpoint fusions detected by DNA sequencing confound kinase fusion detection in NSCLC, as functional fusion transcripts may be generated or not. this website Additional validation testing using RNA/protein assay should be performed in intergenic-breakpoint fusion cases to guide optimal treatment. PURPOSE To assess the safety and local recurrence-free survival in patients following cryoablation for treatment of pulmonary metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS This multi-center, prospective, single arm, phase II study included 128 patients with 224 lung metastases treated with percutaneous cryoablation, with 12- and 24-months follow-up. Patients were enrolled according to the following key inclusion criteria including 1 to 6 metastases from extrapulmonary cancers with a maximal diameter of 3.5 cm. Time to progression of the index tumor(s), and metastatic disease and overall survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Complications were captured for 30 days post procedure and changes in performance status and quality of life were also evaluated. RESULTS Median size of metastases was 1.0 ± 0.6 cm (0.2-4.5) with a median number of tumors of 1.0 ± 1.2 cm (1-6). Local recurrence-free response (local tumor efficacy) of the treated tumor at 12 months was 172 of 202 (85.1%) and 139 of 180 (77.2%) at 24 months following the initial treatment and, following a second cryoablation treatment for recurrent tumor, secondary local recurrence-free response (local tumor efficacy) at 12 months of 184 of 202 (91.1%) and 152 of 180 (84.4%) at 24 months. Kaplan-Meier estimates of 12- and 24-months overall survival rate was 97.6% (95% CI 92.6, 99.2) and 86.6% (95% CI 78.7, 91.7), respectively. The rate of pneumothorax requiring pleural catheter placement was 26% (44/169). There were 8 grade 3 complication events during 169 procedures (4.7%) and one (0.6%) grade 4 event. CONCLUSION Percutaneous cryoablation is a safe and effective treatment for pulmonary metastases.
My Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/azd5991.html