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[Identifying subjects regarding human trafficking within the tooth health-related setting].
Their total SRS-22 score at the last visit was 4,77 and 4,64. CONCLUSION Both PS and scoliosis are conditions associated with deformities and physical limitations that decrease the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of these patients. Due to the severity of the spinal deformities and their risk of progression, early diagnosis and prompt treatment is recommended. Despite being highly complex, scoliosis surgery allows a satisfactory deformity correction and consequently improves the HRQoL of patients with PS. BACKGROUND Intracranial pneumocephalus, the accumulation of air, occurs most frequently from trauma, tumor, cranial surgeries, or infection. Intraparenchymal otogenic pneumocephalus is a rare but well-documented development. We describe a patient who developed pneumocephalus in the context of eardrum perforation secondary to toothpick use for ear wax. CASE DESCRIPTION An 86-year-old female presented to the emergency room with one day history of dysarthria and a few days of cough and sneezing. History revealed she had recently been advised to avoid q-tips to clean her ears and instead was using toothpicks. She denied otalgia or otorrhea and had no signs of infection near the ear. On otoscopic exam the right tympanic membrane was perforated. On head CT she was found to have a large right temporal pneumocephalus extending from the petrous bone. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a defect in the right tegmen. She was started on empiric antibiotics and subsequently taken to the operating room for craniotomy and repair of bony and dural defects. CONCLUSIONS Otogenic pneumocephalus is a rare occurrence. This is the first reported case of pneumocephalus related to self-induced middle ear trauma with a toothpick that ultimately required craniotomy for repair. BACKGROUND Discal cyst is a very rare disease, which can cause intractable low back pain and radiating leg pain. Its symptoms are hard to distinguish from lumbar disc herniation. The best treatment of discal cysts is still controversial. Most lumbar disc cysts were treated surgically, while most studies of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery were case reports. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical value of the percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery for the lumbar discal cyst. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted in 9 patients with a discal cyst from June 2016 to November 2018. All of them had been treated by percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery via a superior vertebral pedicle notch approach. Surgical outcomes were evaluated in preoperative and postoperative periods using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for leg pain and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). At the final follow-up, patients were evaluated for clinical efficacy using modified Macnab criteria.sive surgical treatment for the discal cyst, particularly suitable for patients who cannot undergo general anesthesia. The architectural features of synthetic bone grafts are key parameters for regulating cell functions and tissue formation for the successful repair of bone defects. In this regard, macroporous structures based on triply-periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) are considered to have untapped potential. In the present study, custom-made implants based on a gyroid structure, with (GPRC) and without (GP) a cortical-like reinforcement, were specifically designed to fit an intended bone defect in rat femurs. Sintered hydroxyapatite implants were produced using a dedicated additive manufacturing technology and their morphological, physico-chemical and mechanical features were characterized. The implants' integrity and ability to support bone ingrowth were assessed after 4, 6 and 8 weeks of implantation in a 3-mm-long, femoral defect in Lewis rats. GP and GPRC implants were manufactured with comparable macro- to nano-architectures. Cortical-like reinforcement significantly improved implant effective stiffness and resistances TPMS-based bioceramics implants were produced in calcium phosphate, characterized and implanted in a femoral defect in rats. The results showed, for the first time, that such macroporous implants can be successfully implanted in anatomical load-bearing sites when a cortical-like outer shell is added. 4-Hydroxytamoxifen cell line This outer shell also concentrated new bone formation in the implant center, without affecting new bone quantity or maturity. Stromal collagen is upregulated surrounding a solid tumor and presents as dense, thick, linearized, and aligned bundles. The collagen bundles are continually remodeled during tumor progression, and their orientation with respect to the tumor boundary has been correlated with invasive state. Currently, reconstituted-collagen gels are the standard in vitro tumor cell-extracellular matrix interaction model. The reticular, dense, and isotropic nanofiber (∼900 nm-diameter, on average) gels do not, however, recapitulate the in vivo structural features of collagen bundling and alignment. Here, we present a rapid and simple method to fabricate bundles of collagen type I, whose average thickness may be varied between about 4 μm and 9 μm dependent upon diluent temperature and ionic strength. The durability and versatility of the collagen bundles was demonstrated with their incorporation into two in vitro models where the thickness and alignment of the collagen bundles resembled various in vivo arrangements. First, collagen bundles aligned by a microfluidic device elicited cancer cell contact guidance and enhanced their directional migration. Second, the presence of the collagen bundles in a bio-inert agarose hydrogel was shown to provide a route for cancer cell outgrowth. The unique structural features of the collagen bundles advance the physiological relevance of in vitro collagen-based tumor models for accurately capturing tumor cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Chronic, non-healing skin and soft tissue wounds are susceptible to infection, difficult to treat clinically, and can severely reduce a patient's quality of life. A key aspect of this issue is the impaired recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which secrete regenerative cytokines and modulate the phenotypes of other effector cells that promote healing. We have engineered a therapeutic delivery system that can controllably release the pro-healing chemokine stromal cell derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) to induce the migration of MSCs. In order to protect the protein cargo from hydrolytic degradation and control its release, we have loaded SDF-1α in anionic liposomes (lipoSDF) and embedded them in gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) to form a nanocomposite hydrogel. In this study, we quantify the release of SDF-1α from our hydrogel system and measure the induced migration of MSCs in vitro via a transwell assay. Lastly, we evaluate the ability of this system to activate intracellular signaling in MSCs by using Western blots to probe for the phosphorylation of key proteins in the mTOR pathway.
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