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0) (p  less then  0.001). Men had a negative correlation between the volume of each cardiac chamber and the heart rate [r age_adj = (-0.4)-(-0.27), p  less then  0.001 for all], whereas such a correlation was not found in women. The multivariate analysis showed that a decrease of five beats per minute was associated with an increase of 4%-5% in volume of each chamber in men. There was no such association among females. Conclusions Lower heart rate is associated with an increase of each cardiac chamber volume by CCTA in men. This association is not found in women. More extensive studies are required to further elaborate on these gender differences.Despite a decline in overall incidence rates for cancer in the past decade, due in part to impressive advancements in both diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer (BC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. BC alone accounts for ∼30% of all new cancer diagnoses in women worldwide. Triple-negative BC (TNBC), defined as having no expression of the estrogen or progesterone receptors and no amplification of the HER2 receptor, is a subtype of BC that does not benefit from the use of estrogen receptor-targeting or HER2-targeting therapies. Differences in socioeconomic factors and cell intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics have been demonstrated in Black and White TNBC patient tumors. The emergence of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models as a surrogate, translational, and functional representation of the patient with TNBC has led to the advances in drug discovery and testing of novel targeted approaches and combination therapies. However, current established TNBC PDX models fail to represent the diverse patient population and, most importantly, the specific ethnic patient populations that have higher rates of incidence and mortality. The primary aim of this review is to emphasize the importance of using clinically relevant translatable tumor models that reflect TNBC human tumor biology and heterogeneity in high-risk patient populations. The focus is to highlight the complexity of BC as it specifically relates to the management of TNBC in Black women. We discuss the importance of utilizing PDX models to study the extracellular matrix (ECM), and the distinct differences in ECM composition and biophysical properties in Black and White women. Finally, we demonstrate the crucial importance of PDX models toward novel drug discovery in this patient population.Objective The aim of this study was to examine whether a history of opioid use predicts tier 1 contraceptive use or plan to use in women with infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and nursery. Materials and Methods We conducted a self-administered, anonymous survey in women with infants in three local NICUs and two postpartum units from November 2018 to May 2019. Women were recruited while visiting their infants in the NICU or in their postpartum rooms. Our survey included adapted questions from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) questionnaire, the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) Modified ASSIST Screening Tool, and ones written by our team. The questions asked about contraceptive use and opioid use. We compared the responses of women with and without a history of opioid use. We conducted a multivariable regression analysis and applied the backward elimination method to identify whether opioid use was a predictor of tier 1 contraceptive use or plan to use. Results A total of 122 women completed the survey. Fifty-three women (43.4%) reported opioid use in the month before pregnancy and/or during pregnancy, while 69 (56.6%) women reported no opioid use and comprised the control group. Multivariable regression analysis showed that opioid use was not associated with the use or planned use of tier 1 contraceptives (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.47; confidence interval [95% CI] 0.54-4.01). Older maternal age predicted tier 1 choice (aOR 1.12; 95% CI 1.04-1.21), while African American women were less likely to use or plan to use tier 1 contraceptives compared with white women (aOR 0.21; 95% CI 0.08-0.56). Conclusion A history of opioid use was not independently associated with women using or planning to use tier 1 methods, while age and race were predictors.Background Parity is thought to be associated with a decreased number of teeth present in women. However, educational level and social status, which are particularly significant risk factors for loss of teeth, have been heterogeneous in previous observations. This cross-sectional survey aimed to clarify the associations of parity with the risk of having less then 20 teeth in Japanese female nurses participating in the Japan Nurses' Health Study (JNHS). Methods In the third follow-up questionnaire of the JNHS, 11,299 women aged 27-82 years participated in this study. The number of participants according to age range was 7,225 (63.9%) aged less then 50 years and 4,074 (36.1%) aged ≥50 years. Information on parity and risk factors for loss of teeth was collected through a baseline questionnaire and then a follow-up questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of having less then 20 teeth according to parity category. Results Participants ≥50 years who had experienced three or more deliveries had a significantly higher risk of having less then 20 teeth than those who had not experienced delivery (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.14-2.20), although this finding was not observed in participants less then 50 years. In addition to parity, age and current smoking may be independent risk factors for having less then 20 teeth in Japanese nurses. Conclusions Higher-parity female nurses ≥50 years may be more likely to lose teeth than those who have not experienced delivery.Objective To understand how Title X providers currently engage with fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) for pregnancy prevention in Title X clinics across the United States. Materials and Methods We developed a survey to assess knowledge of fertility for purposes of pregnancy prevention, attitudes toward FABMs use for pregnancy prevention, and practices when patients request FABMs for pregnancy prevention. Results In total, 329 participants who met all inclusion criteria completed the survey. check details Respondents were generally highly knowledgeable on fertility, felt neutrally toward FABMs or thought they were a nonviable option for most women, and were likely to respond to patient requests for FABMs for pregnancy prevention by providing information. Qualitative responses included several barriers to provision of FABMs for pregnancy prevention and few successes to provision. Conclusions Fertility knowledge and discussion of specific methods increased with the number of methods included in the clinic's written materials or with the number of different FABMs someone at that clinic had been trained on.
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