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How a VC Can Affect Your Heart
PVCs are common and may be experienced by a wide range of people with no cause for concern. However, if they happen frequently, PVCs can weaken your heart muscle and increase the risk of heart failure.
A bundle of fibers located in the top right portion of your heart (the sinoatrial, or SA, node) typically controls your heart rhythm. Electrical signals travel from this node to the lower heart chambers, or ventricles.
Causes
PVCs happen when the electrical impulse that normally begins your heartbeat in a part called the sinus node (also called the sinoatrial or SA node) does not. Instead, the impulse begins in another area of your heart called the ventricles and triggers a mistimed beat. These extra beats are also known as ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. They may feel like the heart beats faster or feels fluttering. They can occur rarely, causing no symptoms, but they may occur frequently enough to affect your standard of life. Your doctor might prescribe medication when they occur frequently or cause dizziness, weakness or fatigue.
For most people, PVCs are harmless and do not increase the risk of heart disease or other health issues. In time, repeated PVCs can weaken the heart muscle. This is particularly true if they are caused by a heart condition like dilated cardiomyopathy, or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy which may lead to symptomatic heart failure.
The signs of PVCs include feeling like your heart beats slower or it flutters. You may feel breathless. The fluttering may be more evident when you exercise or have certain foods or drinks. People who suffer from chronic anxiety or stress can have more PVCs, and some medications such as amiodarone, digoxin, and cocaine may increase the likelihood of developing them.
If you experience occasional PVCs your doctor might suggest lifestyle changes and medications. If you are prone to frequent PVCs, your physician may suggest that you stay away from certain foods and drinks, such as alcohol and caffeine. You can also reduce your stress levels by getting enough sleep and exercising.
If you have a lot of PVCs the doctor might suggest a medical procedure called radiofrequency catheter ablation. This destroys the cells that are responsible for PVCs. Electrophysiologists are the ones who perform this procedure. The treatment is typically successful in treating PVCs and reducing symptoms, but it does not stop them from becoming recurring in the future. In some cases it can increase the risk of atrial fibrillation (AFib), which can result in stroke. This is rare however it could be life-threatening.
Signs and symptoms
Premature ventricular contracts or PVCs may cause your heart to skip or be fluttering. These extra heartbeats are usually harmless, but you should talk to your doctor when you experience frequent episodes or symptoms like dizziness or weakness.
The electrical signals normally begin in the sinoatrial, located in the upper right corner of the heart. They then move to the lower chambers, also known as ventricles, which pump blood. The ventricles contract to force blood into the lung. They return to the heart's center to begin the next cycle of pumping. A PVC starts in a different location, the Purkinje fibers are located in the left-hand side of the heart.
When PVCs happen, the heart may appear to be beating faster or slower. If you have only a few episodes, but no other symptoms, the cardiologist probably won't treat you. If you have many PVCs, your doctor may recommend that you undergo an electrocardiogram (ECG) to monitor your heartbeat over the course of 24 hours. The doctor may also suggest wearing a Holter Monitor that records the heart's rhythm and count the number of PVCs.
If you've had a previous heart attack or have cardiomyopathy -which alters the way the heart pumps blood - must be aware of their PVCs and consult an expert in cardiology about lifestyle changes. These include abstaining from caffeine, alcohol, and smoking, managing stress and anxiety, as well as getting enough rest. A cardiologist can prescribe medication to slow heartbeat, like beta blockers.
Even if you don't experience any other indications, you should still get PVCs checked by an expert in cardiology if they occur often. These heartbeats that are irregular can point to an issue with the structure of your heart or other health issues, and over time, when they are frequent enough, they may weaken the heart muscle. Most people with PVCs don't experience any problems. They simply want to be aware that the fluttering or skippy heartbeats aren't typical.
Diagnosis
PVCs may feel like fluttering or skipped heartbeats, especially if they're frequent or intense. People who experience them frequently may feel faint. Exercise can trigger PVCs, but a lot of athletes who experience them do not have heart or health problems. PVCs can show up on tests such as an electrocardiogram or a Holter monitor. They use sticky patches with sensors to record electrical signals from your heart. A cardiologist can also perform an ultrasound echocardiogram to study the heart.
A doctor will usually be able to determine if a patient has PVCs by examining them and taking their medical history. But sometimes they might only notice them while examining the patient for other reasons, such as following an accident or surgery. Ambulatory ECG monitoring systems can also help detect PVCs and other arrhythmias, and could be utilized in the event of any suspicion of heart disease.
If your cardiologist determines that your heart is structurally normal, reassurance will be the only remedy required. However, if your symptoms are bothersome or cause you to feel anxious, staying away from caffeine, alcohol and over-the-counter decongestants and reducing stress can aid. Regular exercise, being at a healthy weight, and drinking enough water can also help reduce the frequency of PVCs. If your symptoms persist or severe, talk to your physician about the medications that could help manage them.
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If PVCs are rare or don't cause symptoms, they don't usually require treatment. If you experience them frequently, your doctor may want to examine for other heart conditions and suggest lifestyle changes or medication. You could also have an intervention to get rid of them (called radiofrequency catheter ablation).
If you have PVCs in your heart the electrical signal that causes your heartbeat begins somewhere different than the sinoatrial (SA) node, which is located in the upper right-hand corner of your heart. This could cause it to feel like your heart skips beats or has a few extra beats. It's not known what causes them, but they're more common in people with other heart conditions. PVCs may increase in frequency as you age, and they may be more frequent during exercising.
If a patient has frequent and painful PVCs, a physician should perform an ECG and an echocardiogram to rule out heart disease that is structural. They may also perform an exercise stress test to see if the extra beats are due to physical activity. To find out whether there are other reasons for the increased beats an invasive heart catheterization or a cardiac MRI can be performed.
Most people who suffer from PVCs do not have any issues and live the normal life. They could increase the risk of developing heart rhythm disorders that can be dangerous particularly if they develop in certain patterns. In some instances, this means the heart muscle gets weaker and is unable to pump blood through your body.
Regular exercise and a balanced diet will lower your chances of developing PVCs. Avoid foods high in sodium and fat, and limit your consumption of caffeine and tobacco. Sleep and stress are equally important. Some medicines may also increase the risk of developing PVCs. If you are taking any of these medicines it is crucial that you follow the advice of your doctor regarding healthy eating and exercising as well as taking your medication.
Studies of patients who had an excessive amount of PVCs (that's more than 20% of their total heart beats) discovered that they had a higher rate of arrhythmia-induced cardiomyopathy. This can result in the need for a heart transplant in a few individuals.
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