Notes

Epidural temperature.
In Cambodia, the patients' rights guideline was officially released in 2007 as a measure of the government policy to promote greater awareness and empower Cambodian people to exercise their rights as patients. The aim of this study was to identify the proportion of patients aware of the existence of patients' rights and compare the proportions of patients intending to exercise their rights and those actually exercising their rights among the aware and unaware groups.

Data were collected with a structured questionnaire, using face-to-face interview technique, from 142 randomly selected outpatients visiting the Khmer Soviet Friendship Hospital in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Intention to exercise patients' rights was measured on a 5-point Likert scale (ranging from 1 "definitely not" to 5 "definitely yes").

The proportion of Cambodian patients who were aware of the existence of patients' rights was 31.0% (95% CI 23.5, 39.3). The average intention to act scores was 4.0±0.5 for the whole group, and 4.3±0.4 and 3.9ence of patients' rights raised patient's intention to act, which corresponds to the hierarchy-of-effects behavioral model.
To evaluate the albumin-fibrinogen ratio (AFR) and C-reactive protein-albumin ratio (CAR) as inflammatory markers in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to investigate their association with disease activity correlating with musculoskeletal ultrasonographic findings.

A total of 125 cases of RA patients were consecutively enrolled in a multicenter cross-sectional study compared to 100 healthy controls, all subjects were investigated for fibrinogen, albumin, CRP, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, AFR, and CAR measurements. Patients' disease activity was assessed by disease activity score (DAS28-ESR), and they were subjected to high-frequency ultrasound both in greyscale and power Doppler.

RA patients had lower AFR and higher CAR than those in the control group (P < 0.001). A positive correlation was demonstrated between CAR and DAS score (r=0.589, P = 0.0001), whilst there was a precise negative correlation between AFR and DAS 28-ESR (r=-0.74, p<0.001). ROC curve analyses revealed fibrinogen showed the best sensitivity (92.1%) for the area under the curve of 0.928, at a criterion of 2.47, while AFR has an area under the curve of 0.826 with sensitivity and specificity (86.84% and 75%, respectively) at cut-off value 1.46. Actively diseased patients had elevated CAR than those in remission (P < 0.001). Patients with synovial thickening and bone erosions had lower AFR than those without, CAR was higher in patients with power doppler changes than those without (p=0.015).

Higher CAR and lower AFR were expressed in active RA than those in remission. CAR and AFR could be useful markers of ongoing inflammation and joint affection detected by musculoskeletal ultrasonography.
Higher CAR and lower AFR were expressed in active RA than those in remission. CAR and AFR could be useful markers of ongoing inflammation and joint affection detected by musculoskeletal ultrasonography.
One of the most frequent causes of cardiac mortality is ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Delay in the management of STEMI patients is a cause of high mortality and morbidity. This study aims to determine the effect of the implementation of the CODE STEMI program on major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and mortality of STEMI patients at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital.

This was a retrospective cohort study that enrolled 207 STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in 2015-2018. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group was treated prior to establishing the CODE STEMI program. Nirogacestat mouse The other group was treated according to the program, which was implemented in January 2017. Data were collected from medical records, and we retrospectively analyzed all in-hours, MACE, and mortality of STEMI patients from both groups as primary outcomes. Data analysis was done using the Mann-Whitney and chi-square test.

There were 72 and 135 patients in the pre-CODE STEMI and CODE STEMI groups, respectively. D2BT was significantly reduced by 130 min (288±306 vs 158±81, P< 0.001) since the implementation of CODE STEMI program. There were trends to lower in-hospital mortality rates (8.3% vs 4.4%, RR = 0.53) and MACE at 30 days (48.61% vs 37.78%, RR = 0.77).

Implementation of the CODE STEMI program can reduce door-to-balloon time and decrease the MACE and mortality rate in STEMI patients in general hospitals.
Implementation of the CODE STEMI program can reduce door-to-balloon time and decrease the MACE and mortality rate in STEMI patients in general hospitals.
Stent flexibility can influence clinical outcome, especially in bifurcation lesions. For instance, an overly rigid stent can impose mechanical stress on the artery at the stent edges and alter both arterial geometry and blood flow dynamics in bifurcations. This study investigated the influence of stent flexibility on vessel geometry, histology, wall stress, and blood flow dynamics in arterial bifurcations.

We compared arterial angulation, stenosis, histopathology, simulated wall shear stress (WSS), and simulated blood flow velocity distribution in swine coronary artery bifurcations following placement of the less flexible Multi-link 8 or more flexible Kaname stent (4.1 ± 0.5 vs 1.5 ± 0.1 mN, p < 0.05,
-test). Stents were implanted into six coronary artery bifurcations each using the single-stent crossover technique without side branch strut dilatation. Outcomes were examined after 28 days.

Implantation of both stents significantly increased site angulation (Multi-link 8 148° ± 8° to 172° ± 2°, p &ltress on the artery but also WSS, which may induce local neointimal hyperplasia.
Ethiopian flora is a source of innumerable cures for several infections. The medicinal potential of
has been evaluated in some studies. The current study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of
leaf extracts on selected bacterial strains and to determine the phytochemical components.

To determine the phytochemical constituents and in vitro antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of
against
, and
.

The macerated and Soxhlet crude extracts of
were further fractionated to petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, and methanol fractions. The agar well diffusion method and disc diffusion methods were used to test the antibacterial effect and determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the plant extract. Standard methods of determination were used to determine the phytochemical components of
.

The percentage yield of crude extracts of
was 15.11%. Alkaloids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, and flavonoids were identified as phytochemical constituents of
. The crude and solvent fractions of
have an antibacterial activity comparable to gentamycin, with zones of inhibition ranging from 17 to 40mm and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.
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