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Weed and also emotion control: An assessment of behaviour, physiological, along with sensory answers.
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is the most frequent chronic neurologic condition in childhood. Its clinical diagnosis is based on electroencephalograms (EEG) and neuroimaging techniques. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate gene expression of several genes and are aberrantly expressed in several diseases. AIM Evaluation of using circulating miR-106b and miR-146a as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in children patients with epilepsy. METHODS Thirty epileptic children and twenty controls were enrolled in our study. They were assessed for the expression pattern of miR-106b and miR-146a in plasma using quantitative real-time PCR and determination of plasma Immunoglobulin levels. RESULTS MiR-146a and miR-106b expression patterns were significantly up-regulated in children patients than that in normal controls. Plasma Immunoglobulins were differentially expressed in epileptic patients in comparison with healthy controls. No correlations were found between expression levels of miRNAs (miR-146a and miR-106b) and clinical data or immunoglobulin levels in children patients with epilepsy. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that up-regulated plasma miR-106b and miR-146a could be used as biomarkers for epilepsy evaluation. Copyright © 2019 Hala G. Elnady, Naglaa Abdelmoneam, Eman Eissa, Enas R. Abdel Hamid, Dina Abu Zeid, Assem M. Abo-Shanab, Hanan Atta, Naglaa M. Kholoussi.BACKGROUND The gene polymorphism (-308G/A) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels influence development of disease in type 2 diabetic patients and tuberculosis patients. AIM In this study, we analyze the association between the TNF-α polymorphisms (-308G/A) and the levels of TNF-α in type 2 diabetic patients with and without tuberculosis infection. METHODS This study was an analytic observational with cross sectional approach consisting 40 type 2 diabetic patients with tuberculosis infection, 40 type 2 diabetic patients without tuberculosis infection and 40 healthy control (HC) subjects. The TNF-α gene polymorphism (-308G/A) was analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lengths polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) method. The TNF-α levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association between gene polymorphism (-308G/A) in study groups was analyzed by Fisher's exact test, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in study groups was carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium also determined genotype deviation and allele frequencies. RESULTS The GG and GA+AA genotypes frequency in both of patient groups and HC subjects were not differ significantly (95% and 5% vs 95% and 5% vs 92.5% and 7.5%; p > 0.05). The TNF-α levels (pg/ml) of type 2 diabetic without tuberculosis infection were higher than those of type 2 diabetic with tuberculosis infection and HC subjects (7.42 ± 0.78 vs 2.23 ± 0.51 vs 2.57 ± 0.63; p 0.05). There was no significant deviation of genotype frequency and allele from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. CONCLUSION The gene polymorphism (-308G/A) had no association with type 2 diabetic patients with and without tuberculosis infection and the gene polymorphism (-308G/A) was not influence the TNF-α levels but there was a significant differentiation of TNF-α levels between the groups. Copyright © 2019 Milahayati Daulay, Mutiara Indah Sari, Dian Dwi Wahyuni, Siti Syarifah.BACKGROUND Oxidative stress may play a role in complications of hemodialysis patients as atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and inflammation. AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the oxidative stress in hemodialysis pediatric patients through measurement of oxidative stress enzymes as paraoxanase activity (PON), arylesterase activity (ASA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and also non-enzymatic antioxidant vitamins as vitamins A, C and E levels. METHODS The study included 50 hemodialysis pediatric patients with mean age 11.4 ± 5.4 years and 30 normal children of matched sex and age as a control group. Assessment of oxidative stresses was done using ELIZA technique. RESULTS SOD, ASA, and vitamin C were significantly lower among hemodialysis patients in comparison to control group (p = 0.004, 0.004, > 0.001 respectively). CONCLUSION The study concluded that oxidative stress was common finding in hemodialysis pediatric patients which may play a role in complications encountered among these patients. Copyright © 2019 Mohamed G. Shouman, Samar Sabry, Rasha E. E. Galal, Emad Salama, Aliaa Ahmed Wahby, Eman Awadallah, Abeer Selim.BACKGROUND Cd (II) ion is a heavy metal that has a toxic ability in the human body. P. macrocarpa has been used as anticancer, Diabetes Mellitus and antimicrobe because it consists of flavonoid, steroid, and tannin. AIM The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of P. macrocarpa fruits extract as an antidote for the toxicity of Cd (II) in the liver of experimental rats. METHODS The experimental laboratory was done by using 9 female of Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) that divided into 3 groups with the age between 2.5-3 months and weight between 133-160 grams. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/taurocholic-acid-sodium-salt-hydrate.html The first group was a control given distilled water and a normal diet. The second group was given antidote 5 mL of P. macrocarpa fruit extract x BW/200 g dosage for 7 days and induced by 1000 mg/L of Cd (II) ion with dosage of 1 mL x BW/200 g. The third group was given 1000 mg/L Cd (II) ion only of 1 mL x BW/200 g. After 5 hours, the blood sample was taken for analysis of MDA, SGOT, and SGPT. RESULTS As the result of experimental rats exposed with Cd (II) ion, there are significant decreasing of all the observed parameters including MAD, SGOT and SGPT with percentage 71.5%, 72.1%, and 93.6% respectively. CONCLUSION The rats given with the antidote of Phaleria macrocarpa flesh fruit were able to protect the liver from damage due to exposure to Cd (II) as seen from the decrease in liver function enzyme parameters namely SGOT and SGPT. Copyright © 2019 Ali Napiah Nasution, Hermansyah Aziz, Djong Hon Tjong, Rahmiana Zein.BACKGROUND Inflammation that occurred in the tumor microenvironment was characterized by abundant macrophage infiltration, playing role in innate immunity. Multinucleate giant cells (MGCs) occur in a variety of inflammatory, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid disorders. They also have been recognized as a feature of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate cases of PTC for the presence of macrophages, and estimate CD68+ TAMs density in tumor stroma, margin and the surrounding tissue. We assessed also MGCs. METHODS Macrophages and MGCs densities were correlated with clinicopathologic parameters to assess the possible prognostic significance. We investigated 56 patients immunohistochemically and immunofluorescence with antibodies against CD68 and IL-17. RESULTS A statistically significant correlation was established between PTC patients in III stage, containing many MGCs, and PTC in I and II stage, with many MGCs. Eighty Percent of patients in III stage showed many MGCs in comparison with patients in I and II stage, where many MGCs were found only in 21,1% (χ2 = 6.
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