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[Musculoskeletal palm disorders inside musicians].
The prevalence of visual impairment (VI) was 5.92 per thousand (95% CI 4.96-7.05). The prevalence of moderate to severe visual impairment was maximum in the age group of 11 to 15 years. click here The main cause of avoidable VI in these children was a refractive error (75.7%). The prevalence of blindness was 0.42 per thousand.

Optic nerve abnormalities were the most important cause of blindness in children. Refractive error is the most important cause of visual impairment amongst children and needs to be addressed.
Optic nerve abnormalities were the most important cause of blindness in children. Refractive error is the most important cause of visual impairment amongst children and needs to be addressed.
In India, school eye screening is an important component of the National Programme for the Control of Blindness providing spectacles free of cost to children from primary section. The primary aim of this study was to know the compliance of wearing spectacles provided during school screening program and to find out reasons for noncompliance. The secondary aim of this study was to get information regarding the types of modifications required in the school eye screening program to improve the compliance level.

It was a cross-sectional follow-up study involving school children of age group 10-16 years, class 5-9 from different parts of the country. Public or private schools were randomly selected based on their distance from the base hospitals/partner organizations. Data were collected by standard format directly from the students after informed written consent from school principal or class teacher.

The utilization of spectacles was found to be only 29.8% (n = 289) within 2 years of receiving the spectacles. Thirty-five percent (n = 108) students were using spectacles with less than 0.75 D. Appearance of the frame was a deciding factor. It was observed that the frames provided by the DBCS were especially not liked by the children. Twenty-five percent (n = 79) children were found to be wearing adult frames.

Less than a third of the students were compliant with their spectacle prescription in this study. To improve the compliance, children should not be prescribed spectacles for nonsignificant refractive errors, should be given choices for frames and quality of work being conducted under school screening program needs a review.
Less than a third of the students were compliant with their spectacle prescription in this study. To improve the compliance, children should not be prescribed spectacles for nonsignificant refractive errors, should be given choices for frames and quality of work being conducted under school screening program needs a review.
The aim of this study was to create vision standards for various tasks performed by hairdressers and to assess the spectacle compliance and its impact at work.

The observational cross-sectional study enrolled hairdressers in and around Chennai, Tamil Nadu. It was done in three phases (i) Job profiling from visual task analysis, creating vision standards for various hairdressing tasks and arriving at test protocols; (ii) Comprehensive eye examination, and (iii) Assessment of spectacle compliance and its impact on work. Descriptive analysis using Microsoft Excel and SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics Version 21.0) was performed.

There were 305 participants with a mean age of 48 (SD ± 12) years. The visual acuity demand was found to be 6/18 and N15, for distance and near, respectively. Appropriate spectacles were prescribed for 203 (67%) hairdressers. Even with the best possible refractive correction, a few hairdressers did not meet the distance (13) and near (11) visual acuity standard. In all, 54 hairdressers were referred for further examination to a tertiary eye care center for lenticular changes, retinal abnormalities, and glaucoma screening. Among the subjects who were dispensed with spectacles, 181 (86%) were available for telephonic spectacle compliance assessment, and 164 (90%) were compliant with spectacle usage at work. Improved visual ability was reported by 133 (81%) hairdressers at work.

This study provides vision standards for hairdressers. From the visual task analysis, hairdressing tasks were found to be visually demanding and hazardous. The study emphasizes that providing appropriate spectacle correction showed a clinically evident positive impact at work.
This study provides vision standards for hairdressers. From the visual task analysis, hairdressing tasks were found to be visually demanding and hazardous. The study emphasizes that providing appropriate spectacle correction showed a clinically evident positive impact at work.The chemical reactivity of two different selenium precursors (SeO2and Se) with nanoparticulated palladium was studied in a simple aqueous phase synthesis to generate palladium selenides (PdxSey). As confirmed by XRD, XPS, TEM and energy dispersive spectroscopy analyses, the products generated showed different degrees of selenization according to the nature of the chemical precursor. Such degree of selenization was more important with elemental selenium, in contrast to SeO2. Surface electrochemistry and CO stripping in alkaline medium, clearly revealed the different interactions and stability of PdxSeyachieved with the Pd/C precursor depending on the selenium source. The electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction was also influenced by the Se source, first in the different degree of reactivity, and second in the selectivity of the reduction product between H2O and H2O2, as well as the tolerance to the methanol oxidation reaction.Topoisomerase IIα has been a representative anti-cancer target for decades thanks to its functional necessity in highly proliferative cancer cells. As type of topoisomerase IIα targeting drugs, topoisomerase II poisons are frequently in clinical usage. However, topoisomerase II poisons result in crucial consequences resulted from mechanistically induced DNA toxicity. For this reason, it is needed to develop catalytic inhibitors of topoisomerase IIα through the alternative mechanism of enzymatic regulation. As a catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerase IIα, AK-I-191 was previously reported for its enzyme inhibitory activity. In this study, we clarified the mechanism of AK-I-191 and conducted various types of spectroscopic and biological evaluations for deeper understanding of its mechanism of action. Conclusively, AK-I-191 represented potent topoisomerase IIα inhibitory activity through binding to minor groove of DNA double helix and showed synergistic effects with tamoxifen in antiproliferative activity.
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