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An electrically driven dumbbell-shaped cavity semiconductor laser laterally confined by isolation and metal layers at 635 nm has been proposed. In the simulation, we systematically analyzed the Q-factors, mode intensity distributions, and directionality of the dumbbell-shaped cavity. A measured speckle contrast as low as 3.7%, emission divergence of 7.7°, and maximum output power of about 2.36 W were obtained in the experiment. Such a semiconductor laser with low coherence, high power, and high directivity may provide great potential application value in laser display and imaging.A miniature all-fiber Fabry-Perot sensor for measurement of force is presented in this Letter. The sensor consists of a thin silica diaphragm created at the tip of the fiber. The central part of the diaphragm is extended into a silica pole, which is ended with a round-shaped probe or a sensing cylinder apt for asserting measured force. The entire sensor is made of silica glass and has a cylindrical shape with a length of about 800 µm and a diameter of about 105 µm. see more sensing resolution of about 0.6 µN was demonstrated experimentally while providing an unambiguous sensor measurement range of about 0.6 mN. The sensor is shown for measurements of surface tension of liquids and biological samples examination.A real-time jitter meter is used to measure and digitally sample the pulse-to-pulse timing error in a laser pulse train. The jitter meter is self-referenced using a single-pulse delay line interferometer and measures timing jitter using optical heterodyne detection between two frequency channels of the pulse train. Jitter sensitivity down to 3×10-10fs2/Hz at 500 MHz has been demonstrated with a pulse-to-pulse noise floor of 1.6 fs. As a proof of principle, the digital correction of the output of a high-frequency photonic analog-to-digital converter (PADC) is demonstrated with an emulated jitter signal. Up to 23 dB of jitter correction, down to the noise floor of the PADC, is accomplished with radio-frequency modulation up to 40 GHz.We report a chirped-pulse optical parametric oscillator (CPOPO) based on a KTiOAsO4 (KTA) crystal. Due to the relatively low ratio between its second-order and third-order nonlinear susceptibility, a single KTA crystal could provide parametric gain and intra-cavity spectral broadening simultaneously in a CPOPO. Numerical simulations show that a signal-bandwidth of 390 nm can be obtained from a KTA-based CPOPO, and the pulses can be de-chirped with a width of ∼20fs outside the OPO cavity. #link# Experimentally, from a fiber-laser-pumped OPO with a 3-mm-long KTA crystal, we obtained a signal wave covering 1332-1667 nm, with a -20dB bandwidth of 45.3 THz, around 12 times as much as the gain-bandwidth of the KTA crystal.Accurate and fast characterization of spatio-temporal information of high-intensity, ultrashort pulses is crucial in the field of strong-field laser science and technology. While conventional self-referenced interferometers were widely used to retrieve the spatial profile of the relative spectral phase of pulses, additional measurements of temporal and spectral information at a particular position of the laser beam, however, were necessary to remove the indeterminacy, which increases the system complexity. Here we report an advanced, dual-functional interferometer that is able to reconstruct the complete spatio-temporal information of ultrashort pulses with a single scan of the interferometer arm. The setup integrates an interferometric frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) with a radial shearing Michelson interferometer. Through scanning one arm of the interferometer, both the cross-correlated FROG trace at the central part of the laser beam and the delay-dependent interferograms of the entire laser profile are simultaneously obtained, allowing a fast three-dimensional reconstruction of few-cycle laser pulses.A low-aberration hole-patterned-electrodes (HPE) liquid crystal (LC) lens with positive and negative focal lengths is demonstrated in this Letter by using four hybrid-aligned nematic LC layers filled with dual-frequency LC materials. The diopter can be controlled from the positive lens (0D∼1.1D) to the negative lens (0D∼-1.25D). The aberration is analyzed using the Zernike polynomial, and the wavefront optical path difference is improved from 2λ for the conventional one-layer HPE LC lens to less than 0.25λ for our proposed LC lens. The proposed LC lens does not require the use of a polarizer, increasing the optical efficiency two times compared with the conventional LC lens.A temporal dissipative Kerr soliton (DKS) frequency comb can be generated in an optical micro-cavity relying on the rigid balance between cavity decay (dispersion) and parametric gain (nonlinear phase modulation) induced by an intense pump laser. In practice, to maintain such delicate double balances experienced by the intracavity soliton pulses, it requires precise control of the pump laser frequency and power, as well as the micro-cavity parameters. However, to date there still lacks experimental demonstration that simultaneously stabilizes all these key parameters to enhance the long-term DKS stability. Here, we demonstrate continuous working of a on-chip DKS microcomb for a record-breaking 14 days without showing any sign of breakdown. Such improved microcomb stability is enabled mainly by robust pump power coupling to the micro-cavity utilizing packaged planar-lightwave-circuit mode converters, and faithful locking of the pump frequency detuning via an auxiliary laser heating method. In addition to superior stability, the demonstrated DKS microcomb system also achieves favorable compactness, with all the accessory modules being assembled into a standard 4U case. We hope that our demonstration could prompt the practical utilization of Kerr microcombs in real-world applications.We report on the experimental and numerical observation of polarization modulation instability (PMI) in a nonlinear fiber Kerr resonator. This phenomenon is phased-matched through the relative phase detuning between the intracavity fields associated with the two principal polarization modes of the cavity. Our experimental investigation is based on a 12 m long fiber ring resonator in which a polarization controller is inserted to finely control the level of intracavity birefringence. Depending on the amount of birefringence, the temporal patterns generated via PMI are found to be either stationary or to exhibit a period-doubled dynamics. The experimental results are in good agreement with numerical simulations based on an Ikeda map for the two orthogonally polarized modes. This Letter provides new insights into the control of modulation instability in multimode Kerr resonators.
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