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The urinary system citrate being a marker regarding renal perform in patients together with autosomal dominant polycystic renal illness.
Gene testing, which can provide a basis for early intervention, prognostic evaluation, and genetic counseling, should be performed as early as possible.Neonatal chylothorax is a common cause of neonatal congenital pleural effusion and is often caused by the accumulation of chylous fluid in the thoracic cavity due to the rupture of the thoracic duct and its branched lymphatic vessels for a variety of reasons. Neonatal chylothorax caused by malignant tumors is extremely rare, and this is the first case of neonatal mediastinal neuroblastoma with chylothorax in China. The boy was found to have pleural effusion in the left thoracic cavity in the uterus, and experienced apnea at birth, as well as dyspnea and cyanosis as the main manifestations after birth. HO-3867 order He was diagnosed with left chylothorax based on conventional biochemical analysis of pleural effusion. After the treatment including persistent chest drainage and symptomatic and supportive treatment, the drainage of the left thoracic cavity reached a volume of 90-180 mL per day. Neonatal refractory chylothorax was considered. Chest radiograph on day 13 after birth showed lesions in the upper left lung field, and contrast-enhanced plain CT scan of the chest suggested the possibility of posterior mediastinal neuroblastoma. The autopsy confirmed giant posterior mediastinal neuroblastoma (poorly differentiated), which involved the C7-T6 spinal canal and the nearby erector spinae, with a small amount of tumor tissue in the liver and both adrenal glands. Mediastinal tumor is considered the underlying cause of chylothorax in this case.
To study the value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) combined with soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (STREM-1) in the differential diagnosis of bacterial diarrhea and viral diarrhea in children.

A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 73 children with bacterial infectious diarrhea (bacteria group) and 68 children with viral infectious diarrhea (virus group) who were treated from February 2018 to May 2019. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of serum PCT and STREM-1 for bacterial infectious diarrhea and viral infectious diarrhea.

Compared with the virus group, the bacteria group had significantly higher detection rates of fecal red blood cells (79% vs 43%, P<0.05) and pus (51% vs 19%, P<0.05), as well as significantly higher serum levels of PCT and STREM-1 (P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that in the differential diagnosis of bacterial infectious diarrhea and viral infectious diarrhea, serum PCT had a cut-off value of 0.97 ng/mL and an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.792, and STREM-1 had a cut-off value of 15.66 ng/mL and an AUC of 0.889. Serum PCT combined with STREM-1 had an AUC of 0.955, which was significantly higher than that of each index alone (P<0.05).

Children with bacterial diarrhea have increased serum levels of PCT and STREM-1 than those with viral diarrhea. Both serum PCT and STREM-1 can be used as the indices for the differential diagnosis of bacterial diarrhea and viral diarrhea in children, and the combined measurement of PCT and STREM-1 can improve the efficiency of differential diagnosis.
Children with bacterial diarrhea have increased serum levels of PCT and STREM-1 than those with viral diarrhea. Both serum PCT and STREM-1 can be used as the indices for the differential diagnosis of bacterial diarrhea and viral diarrhea in children, and the combined measurement of PCT and STREM-1 can improve the efficiency of differential diagnosis.
To investigate the nutritional recovery status of children with moderate or severe malnutrition during hospitalization after discharge.

The children with moderate or severe malnutrition were given nutrition support during hospitalization. They received a regular follow-up and nutrition guidance after discharge. The weight-for-age and height-for-age Z-scores reaching above -2 SD were considered the nutrition criterion for ending follow-up.

Among the 298 children with moderate or severe malnutrition, 174 (58.4%) reached the criterion for ending follow-up, 100 (33.6%) were lost to follow-up, 18 (6.0%) died, and 6 (2.0%) did not reach the criterion for ending follow-up after 18 months of follow-up. The children with malnutrition in the department of surgery had a significantly higher proportion of children reaching the criterion for ending follow-up than those in the department of internal medicine (P<0.05). The children with severe malnutrition had a significantly higher loss to follow-up rate than those with moderate nutrition (P<0.05). The majority of children with emaciation reached the criterion for ending follow-up at month 3 after discharge, while those with growth retardation reached such the criterion at months 3-6 after discharge. Up to 1 year after discharge, more than 80% of the children with different types of malnutrition reached the nutrition criterion for ending follow-up.

Most of the children with malnutrition who adhere to follow-up can reach the expected nutrition criterion within 1 year after discharge. The children with growth retardation have slower nutritional recovery than those with emaciation.
Most of the children with malnutrition who adhere to follow-up can reach the expected nutrition criterion within 1 year after discharge. The children with growth retardation have slower nutritional recovery than those with emaciation.
To study the features of blood lipid metabolic profile in overweight/obese boys aged 9-12 years and the possible mechanism of overweight/obesity in children.

According to body mass index (BMI), 72 boys, aged 9-12 years, were divided into a control group with 42 boys and an overweight/obesity group with 30 boys. Fasting venous blood samples were collected early in the morning. BMI, waist-hip ratio, body composition, and blood lipids were measured. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry technique was used to analyze the serum lipid compounds. A statistical analysis and visualization of the data were performed.

Compared with the control group, the overweight/obesity group had significantly higher waist-hip ratio, body fat percentage, and triglyceride level (P<0.05) and a significantly lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.05). The metabolomic analysis identified 150 differentially expressed lipid compounds between the two groups, mainly glycerolipids (40.
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