Notes

Photochemical and photophysical qualities associated with tetracarboxylic acid phthalocyanines coming from glycolic and also lactic acids throughout homogeneous and also micro heterogeneous mass media.
8%) were confirmed as overtransfusion. On univariate analysis, inappropriate transfusions were observed more commonly among patients with younger age (p less then 0.001) and who underwent hepatic resection (p less then 0.001) or intestinal resection (p less then 0.001). Overtransfusion was also associated with elevated trigger of 8.0 g/dL Hb (p = 0.006) and younger age (p = 0.003). No perioperative complications were associated with inappropriate transfusions and overtransfusion under multivariate analysis. Conclusions Overtransfusion was common in hepatic resection and younger age, but to definitely prove this hypothesis, a prospective randomized trial needs to be performed. Copyright © 2019 by S. Karger AG, Basel.Background Anemia of inflammation (AI) is the most common cause of anemia in the critically ill, but its diagnosis is a challenge. New therapies specific to AI are in development, and they require accurate detection of AI. This study explores the potential of parameters of iron metabolism for the diagnosis of AI during an ICU stay. Methods In a nested case-control study, 30 patients developing AI were matched to 60 controls. The iron parameters were determined in plasma samples during an ICU stay. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the iron parameter threshold with the highest sensitivity and specificity to predict AI. Likelihood ratios as well as positive and negative predictive values were calculated as well. Results The sensitivity of iron parameters for diagnosing AI ranges between 62 and 76%, and the specificity between 57 and 72%. Iron and transferrin show the greatest area under the curve. Iron shows the highest sensitivity, and transferrin and transferrin saturation display the highest specificity. Hepcidin and ferritin show the lowest specificity. At an actual anemia prevalence of 53%, the diagnostic accuracy of iron, transferrin, and transferrin saturation was fair, with a positive predictive value between 71 and 73%. Combining iron, transferrin, transferrin saturation, hepcidin, and/or ferritin levels did not increase the accuracy of the AI diagnosis. Conclusions In this explorative study on the use of different parameters of iron metabolism for diagnosing AI during an ICU stay, low levels of commonly measured markers such as plasma iron, transferrin, and transferrin saturation have the highest sensitivity and specificity and outperform ferritin and hepcidin. Copyright © 2019 by S. Karger AG, Basel.Background Molecular genetics of the Rh system has been extensively studied in Caucasians, Black Africans, East Asians, and Indians more recently. In this work, we sought to investigate the molecular basis of variant D expression in the Thai population, which remains unknown. Materials and Methods Blood samples from 450 Thai donors showing the variant D phenotype were collected. The RHD gene was analyzed by quantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction of short fluorescent fragments and/or Sanger sequencing. Results The most frequent alleles in 200 D-negative and 121 DEL samples were the whole RHD gene deletion and the Asian DEL alleles, respectively. In 129 weak/partial D samples, 36 variant alleles were identified, including eight novel alleles. RHD*06.03, which is common in variant D samples from South China, is the most prevalent variant allele, followed by the recently reported Indian RHD*01W.150 allele. Discussion For the first time, a comprehensive overview of the nature and distribution of variant RHD alleles in Thailand is reported. It is a milestone to pave the way towards improvement of the current screening strategy to identify DEL donors accurately. The next step will be the design and implementation of a simple molecular test for screening the most frequent alleles, specifically in this population. Copyright © 2019 by S. Karger AG, Basel.Introduction ABO blood group incompatibility between a pregnant woman and her fetus as a cause of morbidity or mortality of the fetus or newborn remains an important, albeit rare, risk. When a pregnant woman has a high level of anti-A or anti-B IgG antibodies, the child may be at risk for hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). Performing a direct prenatal determination of the fetal ABO blood group can provide valuable clinical information. Objective Here, we report a next generation sequencing (NGS)-based assay for predicting the prenatal ABO blood group. Materials and Methods A total of 26 plasma samples from 26 pregnant women were tested from gestational weeks 12 to 35. Of these samples, 20 were clinical samples and 6 were test samples. Extracted cell-free DNA was PCR-amplified using 2 primer sets followed by NGS. NGS data were analyzed by 2 different methods, FASTQ analysis and a grep search, to ensure robust results. selleck The fetal ABO prediction was compared with the known serological infant ABO terozygote frequency, we estimate that we can assign a reliable fetal ABO type in approximately 95% of the forthcoming clinical samples of type O pregnant women. Despite the vast genetic variations underlying the ABO blood groups, many variants are rare, and prenatal ABO prediction is possible and adds valuable early information for the prevention of ABO HDFN. Copyright © 2020 by S. Karger AG, Basel.Background Exposure to non-matching human platelet alloantigens (HPA) may result in alloimmunization. Antibodies to HPA can be responsible for post-transfusion purpura, refractoriness to donor platelets, and fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. For the supply of compatible apheresis platelet concentrates, the HPA genotypes are determined in a routine manner. Methods Here, we describe a novel method for genotyping twelve different HPA systems simultaneously, including HPA-1 to HPA-5, HPA-9w, HPA-10w, HPA-16w, HPA-19w, HPA-27w, and the novel HPA-34w by means of amplicon-based next-generation sequencing (NGS). Blood donor samples of 757 individuals with a migration background and 547 of Western European ancestry were genotyped in a mass-screening setup. An in-house software was developed for fast and automatic analysis. TaqMan assay and Sanger sequencing results served for validation of the NGS workflow. Finally, blood donors were divided in several groups based on their country of origin and the allele frequencies were compared.
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