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Schizophrenia as well as Bartonella spp. Infection: A Pilot Case-Control Research.
Liponeurocytoma is an uncommon tumor of the central nervous system. It is very rare for this tumor to originate within the lateral ventricle. In the context of the rarity of this tumor entity, this review article aims to summarize the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of lateral ventricular liponeurocytoma to facilitate its diagnosis and management.

Here, we conduct a systematic literature review using the Pubmed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library database for all cases of lateral ventricular liponeurocytoma. A case illustration complements this review.

The described cases from 1997 onward include 14 cases that have been published in full papers in the English literature. Six additional cases are reported in short English abstracts in full non-English papers, and one case was described in a central neurocytoma report. There is a definite male predominance of 70% (14 male) and a mean age of 37 years (range 24-62). Heterogenous enhancement and signals in magnetic resonant images (MRI) are the radiological characteristics. In all reported cases, the presence of lipocytes and fat vacuoles is considered the paramount histopathological feature. Total surgical resection was achieved in 80% (12 out of 15) of the cases. Only two cases (including ours) received radiation therapy. Recurrence was seen in two patients during follow-up that was treated by radiation therapy in one and surgery in the other. The proliferation index is mostly below 5% in all cases, with the Ki-67 range between<1% to 10%.

Lateral ventricular liponeurocytoma has been treated effectively by surgical resection in a limited number of cases. The decision for radiation therapy is based on a high proliferation index and tumor recurrence.
Lateral ventricular liponeurocytoma has been treated effectively by surgical resection in a limited number of cases. The decision for radiation therapy is based on a high proliferation index and tumor recurrence.
A specific training course was formalized in 2007 in order to facilitate the management of cranio-encephalic injuries by French military general surgeons during deployment, within the Advanced Course for Deployment Surgery (ACDS). The objective is to evaluate the neurosurgical pre-deployment training course attended by the military surgeons.

From June 2019 to September 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in the form of a digital self-completed questionnaire, addressed to all graduated military surgeons working in the French Military Training Hospitals. The survey included (1) a knowledge assessment; and (2) a self-assessment of the training course. The participating surgeons were classified into two groups according to their participation (group 1) or not (group 2) in the neurosurgical module. The main outcome was the score received on the knowledge assessment.

Among the 145 military surgeons currently in service, 76 participated in our study (53%), of which 49 were classified in group 1 (64%) and 27 in group 2 (36%). Group 1 surgeons had a significantly higher score than Group 2 at the knowledge assessment (mean 21.0±7.1 vs. 17.8±6.0, P=0.041). The most successful questions were related to TBI diagnosis and surgical technique, while the least successful questions dealt with "beyond emergency care" and surgical indications.

The French pre-deployment neurosurgical training course provides a strong neurosurgical background, sufficient to perform life-saving procedures in a modern conflict situation. However, neurosurgical specialized advice should be solicited whenever possible to assist the in-theatre surgeon in surgical decisions.
The French pre-deployment neurosurgical training course provides a strong neurosurgical background, sufficient to perform life-saving procedures in a modern conflict situation. However, neurosurgical specialized advice should be solicited whenever possible to assist the in-theatre surgeon in surgical decisions.
Observational retrospective survey-based study.

Intracranial aneurysms (IA) can be treated with microsurgery or by endovascular treatments (EVT). EVT have taken an increasingly important part in IA management; the ability of neurosurgical teams to perform such surgery as well as the quality of their training is being questioned. We therefore wanted to assess the proportion of IA treated by microsurgery in France, the demography and caseload of surgeons trained in vascular neurosurgery.

A 60-question survey was sent to the 34 French neurosurgical centers treating IA. Twenty-seven questions dealt with the demography of neurovascular surgeons and caseload. Descriptive data are reported here.

Twenty-seven centers answered, giving us a response rate of 79.4%. A total of 209 neurosurgeons worked in these centers. Forty-six neurosurgeons were designated as referents in vascular neurosurgery, 47% of them were under 45 years old. find more Among the centers, 96.3% had at least one surgeon that was a referent in neurovascenters, who, in half of the cases, is a young practitioner. The percentage of microsurgery in the treatment of IA is low, especially for ruptured ones. The most frequently operated types of intracranial aneurysm correspond to good practice recommendations.Viruses and hosts have coevolved for millions of years, leading to the development of complex host-pathogen interactions. Influenza A virus (IAV) causes severe pulmonary pathology and is a recurrent threat to human health. Innate immune sensing of IAV triggers a complex chain of host responses. IAV has adapted to evade host defense mechanisms, and the host has coevolved to counteract these evasion strategies. However, the molecular mechanisms governing the balance between host defense and viral immune evasion is poorly understood. Here, we show that the host protein DDX3X is critical to orchestrate a multifaceted anti-viral innate response during IAV infection, coordinating the activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor with a pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, assembly of stress granules, and type I interferon (IFN) responses. DDX3X activated the NLRP3 inflammasome in response to wild type IAV, which carries the immune evasive non-structural protein 1 (NS1). However, in the absence of NS1, DDX3X promoted the formation of stress granules that facilitated efficient activation of type I IFN signaling.
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