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The energy density of the complementary gruels can be increased by the use of sprouted flours. This led us to determine the conditions for obtaining and using sprouted corn flour for optimal fluidification of fermented cassava flour gruels. To do this, the germinated corn flour (GCF) varieties Atp and Kassaï was produced according to the response surface methodology and the Doehlert plan was used with factors such as soaking (12-48 h) and germination (24-96 h) times. Once obtained, these GCF were used to increase the energy density of cassava flour gruels with flow velocity as response. The Doehlert plan was also used with fermented cassava flour concentration (17.5-30 %) and optimised sprouted corn flour mass (1-5 g) as factors. The experimental design that had been performed indicated that the effectiveness of corn amylase flour to fluidify the gruels depends not only to the conditions of production (soaking and germination) (p less then 0.05) but also their incorporation during the preparation (corn amylase-fermented cassava flour) (p less then 0.05). The rich corn amylase flour can be obtained by soaking Kassaï and Atp varieties for 20 h and 28 h respectively and germinated for 90.82 h. Application of these GCF during the preparation of fermented cassava flour gruels has shown that to obtain gruels with flow velocities between 100-160 mm/30s, it was necessary to couple 1.16 g of sprouted corn flour variety Kassaï for 26.23 % of fermented cassava flour and 1.12 g of corn flour variety Atp for 25.94 % of fermented cassava flour. The use of these couples has made it possible to multiply the energy density of the gruels by 6.55 and 6.49, respectively. In view of these results, it is therefore advisable to use the germinated corn flours produced under the conditions obtained to fluidise and increase the energy density of the fermented cassava gruels.Domestic violence in South Africa is a consequence of the complex interplay of patriarchy, culture, and the negative masculine construct. The patriarchal cultural beliefs and traditions that emphasise on male assertiveness and domination of women influence the constructions of masculinity and reinforce domestic violence. The goal of this article was to highlight a relationship between culture, constructions of masculinity, and domestic violence in South Africa. Through adopting an African feminist lens, this paper unpacks how structures of patriarchy manifest in the traditional African context in which many men in South Africa construct and perform their masculinity and the embodied meaning attached to it. The paper argues that gender hierarchy and normative masculine and feminine roles prevalent in most South African cultures have implications for domestic violence. It argues that the inflexible gender hierarchy, which is enforced through culture and the dominant position of men in the home influence domestic violence. The article concludes that attempts to address domestic violence in South Africa must focus on changing patriarchal cultural norms and promote peaceful masculinity.
Mosquitoes biolarvicides remain the most important method for mosquito control. The previous studies have shown
-expressed larvicidal properties against mosquito species. The present study evaluated larvicidal and histopathological effect of an endophytic fungus
isolated from theCactus stem (
Mill)
The molecular identification of isolated
was done by PCR amplification (5.8s rDNA) using a universal primer (ITS-1 and ITS-2). The secondary metabolites of
was tested for larvicidal activity against
and
. Larvicidal bioassay of different concentrations (- 100, 300, 500, 800 and 1000 μg/mL) isolated extracts were done according to the modified protocol. Each test included a set of control groups (i.e. DMSO and distilled water). The lethal concentrations (LC
and LC
) were calculated by probit analysis. Experimental monitoring duration was 48 h.
The ethyl acetate extract from
fungus resulted - excellent mosquitocidal effect against
and
mosquitoes, with least LC
and LC
values. lariasis vectors is promising and needs a semifield and small scale filed trials.
The study intends to find out the effect of Type 2 diabetes on the sensory nerve of the upper extremity.
This research includes 100 subjects, both male and female, within the age group of 40-80 years. The subjects were divided into two groups, A and B. Where Group A includes 50 subjects which diagnosed type 2 diabetic mellitus. Furthermore, Group B holds 50 normal healthy subjects investigated and normal healthy subjects without diabetes mellitus
Written consent was obtained from the subjects who were ready to be part of this study. this website Orthodromic sensory nerve conduction studies of median, ulnar, and radial nerve were assessed by using EMG diagnostic device for bilateral upper extremities in both groups. The sensory nerve conduction study included nerve conduction velocity (m/s), latency (ms), and amplitude (μV). The data analyzed using paired 't' test within the group and unpaired 't' test between two groups, using computational statistical software Graph Pad Prism. 'p' value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
The sensory nerve amplitude of all three nerves reduced the velocity of the median & ulnar nerve was reduced and prolonged latency of ulnar nerve in type 2 diabetics as compared to the Non-diabetics group.
This study concluded that the type 2 diabetics group has severe sensory nerve affections of the median and ulnar nerve. The therapist should examine the upper extremity of all diabetic subjects, and hand care should be taught to the patients to prevent further complications of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
This study concluded that the type 2 diabetics group has severe sensory nerve affections of the median and ulnar nerve. The therapist should examine the upper extremity of all diabetic subjects, and hand care should be taught to the patients to prevent further complications of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Vitamins are organic compounds essential for normal physiological functioning and they need to be provided in adequate amounts by the diet. They are nutrients mainly associated to fruit consumption, playing an important role in the cellular function, growth and development of individuals. The present study aimed to analyze levels of vitamins B, C and carotenoids of fruits from the agrobiodiversity of Northeastern Brazil, among them cajuí (Anacardium spp), murici (Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth), pequi (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm.), jenipapo (Genipa americana L.), mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.), cajá (Spondias mombin L.), umbu-cajá (Spondias bahiensis P. Carvalho, Van den Berg & M. Machado), umbu (Spondias tuberosa Arruda), pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.), araçá (Psidium sobralianum Landrum & Proença). The vitamins were quantified using the analytical method High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Vitamin B complex levels varied from 0.003 ± 0.01 mg/100 g to 6.107 ± 0.
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