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Why It's Important to See a Doctor
Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are a type of irregular heartbeat. These extra beats are usually not dangerous and can be cured by themselves.
Doctors will monitor your heartbeat, and check other vitals indicators. They may order a Holter monitor which records your heart's electrical impulses over the course of 24 hours. They can also order blood tests to check the levels of electrolytes and thyroid hormones.
Diagnosis
PVCs are caused by electrical impulses that misfire through the SA node, which is a structure found in the lower chambers of the heart. This causes the heartbeat to be delayed which can cause the feeling of fluttering or skipped beats in the chest. PVCs can occur in isolation or in repeated patterns. Two consecutive PVCs are referred to as doublets, whereas three or more consecutive PVCs are referred to as the condition known as ventricular Tachycardia (VT).
Some people are not experiencing any symptoms, but others experience palpitations. It can be felt as the sound of a beating heart or a slurred heartbeat. Other signs are dizziness, fatigue or a feeling that you're unwell.
Many people who experience occasional PVCs do not require any treatment. If someone is experiencing frequent episodes, doctors might recommend a change in diet or lifestyle like limiting alcohol, caffeine and stress. They may also prescribe medication such as beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers that can reduce the heart rate and lower blood pressure.
Doctors will inquire about their medical history and perform an examination to assess their general health. They may also use a Holter monitor to track the heart's rhythms for longer periods of time, or an electrocardiogram, which records a snapshot of the electrical activity in the heart. Doctors may require blood tests in some cases to look for imbalances in electrolytes or toxic substances in the body.
A pvc physician may refer the patient to an electrophysiologist, or a specialist in heart rhythm disorders for further evaluation. The doctor will confirm a diagnosis of PVCs, and determine whether they are malignant or benign.
PVCs are fairly frequent and usually don't cause any issues, unless they happen frequently over a long period of time. This can lead to a weakened in the heart muscle or a condition called pvc-induced cardiomyopathy. This is most common for people over the age of 65 or those suffering from some form of heart disease. It can also happen in healthy people with an uninvolved heart, however this is more likely for those who exercise regularly. It's not a serious issue, but you should tell your doctor if symptoms such as fainting or fatigue occur.
Treatment
For many, occasional PVCs might not cause symptoms or are harmless and need no treatment. But those who do feel their heart has skipped a beat or is racing, it's vital to consult a physician as soon as possible.
A cardiologist will first interview you and then perform an examination of your body and listen to your heart through the stethoscope in order to detect any irregular beats. Additionally, you will have an electrocardiogram (ECG) done to record the electrical signals in your heart and identify any arrhythmias. If an arrhythmia is detected it is recommended to have a 24-hour Holter monitor or a portable ECG will be needed to capture the irregular rhythm over longer durations of time. These devices can assist doctors determine if you suffer from PVCs and their causes, such as an imbalance in electrolytes, toxicity of drugs or other causes.
An echocardiogram, an ultrasound of your heart, could be ordered to determine whether your heart is healthy and check for signs of structural problems which could cause PVCs. You might also be asked to take a stress test in order to determine how your heart reacts to exercise. Physical activity can increase your frequency of pvcs. You can also get blood tests to test your thyroid hormone and magnesium, potassium, and other hormones to determine whether they're low. This could lead to PVCs.
After your doctor confirms that you suffer from PVCs and has ruled any serious illnesses out, the treatment you choose to take will depend on how they affect your life and how often they occur. If they occur only occasionally and do not cause symptoms then your doctor is unlikely to recommend any treatment that can reduce their frequency or severity.
If you are experiencing frequent PVCs that can trigger palpitations or other symptoms like feeling lightheaded or fainting, your physician might prescribe medications like beta blockers and calcium channel blockers. Changes in your lifestyle, such as avoiding caffeine, smoking and stress, can reduce the frequency of these abnormal pulses.
The following is a list of preventions.
A person may experience no symptoms at all from PVCs or experience heart palpitations (irregular heartbeats) that can feel like "skipped" beats or fluttering in the chest. These episodes can trigger feelings of fullness or pressure, or they can make you feel faint. These episodes are caused by the heart not pumping as efficiently as it should. PVCs are associated with an increased risk of dilated cardiomyopathy. This is a condition where the heart gets larger and in a position to not pump blood.
PVCs often are caused by changes in body chemistry. This is due to the release of adrenaline and thyroid hormones, as well drinking alcohol or caffeine. Lack of exercise can trigger these episodes, as can stress or excessive weight.
Some people find that changing their diet can help reduce PVCs. They can, for instance avoid foods that are preservative-laden, which could cause disturbances to the heart rhythm. These include disodium guanylate and diazole, and disodium Inosinate sodium (E282-283). You can also take in more fruits and vegetables to ensure that they get enough potassium and magnesium.
It is crucial to undergo regular health checks, including yearly physicals and lab tests. These tests can help you identify any heart conditions that may be causing your PVCs. It is also recommended to adhere to an appropriate diet and avoid smoking, which could increase the frequency of your episodes.
A survey of 14 typical hospital wards revealed that healthcare personnel were generally aware of preventive measures for infections caused by vascular catheters, however their self-assessment of compliance to these practices was low. Compliance improved following a feedback intervention, but was still low on some of the observed wards. This suggests that training on how to implement the preventive measures is necessary, and that those wards that are not complying should be targeted for infection surveillance. This information can then be used to help in the implementation of quality improvement initiatives for these wards. This will likely require more education and training for staff. It will also be necessary to ensure that the appropriate tools for implementing the preventive measures are readily available.
Signs and symptoms
The premature contraction of the ventricular muscle can cause your heartbeat to skip beats or to flutter. These arrhythmias can be harmless, but they could be a sign that you have serious heart problems.
In healthy individuals, PVCs that occur occasionally are not a problem. They typically disappear on their own. However, if you suffer from a lot of them, they could lead to dizziness or weakness. If you're worried you might be experiencing dizziness or weakness, talk to your doctor about the symptoms. They may have to identify the problem by taking a medical history and performing an examination. They might also need to perform an electrocardiogram or other tests.
door doctor will allow your doctor to observe the signal of your heartbeat moving through your body for a a short period of time. If you have PVCs, they'll be visible on the test. Your doctor might also suggest the use of a Holter monitor that records your heartbeat for a longer period of time. They can help distinguish PVCs from other arrhythmias that cause heart palpitations. You can wear an event monitor, a handheld device which records your heart rhythm for 30 days.
Other tests for the heart may be needed, depending on the reason for your PVCs. A cardiologist may check your blood pressure or perform an echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart). These tests can tell whether you are suffering from a condition like heart failure, mitral valve prolapse, or cardiomyopathy.
Your doctor may also be required to run tests on your blood to identify the problem with your electrolytes. For example, low potassium levels or a high level of calcium. This could indicate that you suffer from PVCs or another health issue such as anemia or anxiety disorders.
You could be directed to an electrophysiologist, one of the specialists who specialize in treating heart rhythms that are abnormal. The doctor may be required to perform other tests if you are suffering from structural heart diseases like a CT or MRI scan of your chest. These tests can determine whether you've damaged your heart and how serious it is. In some cases an expert may recommend a pacemaker to treat the condition which is causing the PVCs.
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