Notes

Rating of human variants face-identity control capabilities within seniors.
The Pain Rating index (PRi) is a new parameter for regulating analgesic depth of anaesthesia based on wavelet analysis. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of PRi for depth regulation of sevoflurane anaesthesia.

We conducted a monocentric randomized controlled study from September 2017 to June 2018 in patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) (n=44). Patients were randomly allocated into two groups and assigned 22 cases to each group systolic blood pressure group (SBP group) and pain rating index group (PRi group). In SBP group, sevoflurane inhalation concentration (Cs) was adjusted to maintain SBP values at baseline values -20%～+20%; in PRi group, Cs was adjusted to maintain PRi values between 50 and 70. The primary endpoint was anaesthesia recovery time. Secondary endpoints included extubation time, sevoflurane consumption, number of intraoperative haemodynamic instability events /interventions, number of adverse events and postoperative visual analogue scale for pain.

Patient demographic characteristics, surgical time and anaesthesia time did not differ between groups. Anaesthesia recovery time was shorter in PRi group than in SBP group (17.5±3.8min vs 21.5±2.8 min; P=0.001). Extubation time was also shorter in PRi group than in SBP group (21.9±1.7min vs 24.1±2.5min; P=0.001). Sevoflurane consumption was lower in PRi group than in SBP group (15.5±4.1ml vs 20.0±2.5ml; P=0.001).

PRi was feasible to regulate depth of sevoflurane anaesthesia, which could shorten anaesthesia recovery time and extubation time, reduce sevoflurane consumption during general anaesthesia in patients undergoing cervical vertebra surgery.
PRi was feasible to regulate depth of sevoflurane anaesthesia, which could shorten anaesthesia recovery time and extubation time, reduce sevoflurane consumption during general anaesthesia in patients undergoing cervical vertebra surgery.
To compare the efficacy of metronidazole and amoxicillin as preoperative single dose treatment with conventional therapy in prevention of dry socket.

A double blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at the oral and maxillofacial surgery OPD at DUHS, Karachi. Patients attending and requiring surgical extraction of madibular 3rd molar during October 2018 till April 2019 were randomly divided into 3 groups. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional Review Board of DUHS, Karachi. Informed consent was also taken from patients. First group was given single preoperative oral dose of 400mg metronidazole one hour before extraction, second group was treated with single oral dose of 500mg amoxicillin an hour before tooth extraction, and both of the groups were given painkillers postoperatively. Third group was given 500mg of Amoxicillin BD, 400mg of metronidazole and painkillers postoperatively. Every group had a follow-up on fifth postoperative day.

Dry socket was reported among patients 19(8.4 %), among them 4 were males and 15 were females. Chi-square test was used to calculate the p-value (0.066). Results of the present trial were statistically insignificant. LOXO-292 manufacturer Incidence of dry socket in amoxicillin group was 3 (5.5%), in metronidazole was 4 (7.5) and in conventional therapy group was 12(16%).

Present trial was not effective in preventing the occurrence of dry socket by means of single preoperative oral dose of metronidazole and amoxicillin compared to conventional therapy. However, clinically percentage of occurrence of dry socket was higher in conventional group compared to amoxicillin and metronidazole group.
Present trial was not effective in preventing the occurrence of dry socket by means of single preoperative oral dose of metronidazole and amoxicillin compared to conventional therapy. However, clinically percentage of occurrence of dry socket was higher in conventional group compared to amoxicillin and metronidazole group.
To study the mental health problems in eunuchs, the neglected segment that has been facing social exclusion and exploitation on behalf of social layers of the society.

The study was conducted from Jan 2017 to April 2017and adopted a qualitative approach by engaging eight eunuchs' group purposefully through focussed group discussion to unearth the issues related to eunuchs in Hazara Division. The participants were informed in detail, about the purpose of the study and their consent was conferred. The discussion was recorded in local language and their views were transcribed and analysed by comparative statements for drawing results through coding of the target groups.

The severe kind of economic and social pressures of poverty and social neglect resulting in depression, anxiety and suicidal tendencies were found among this group, which affected the overall mental health. This showed that, eunuchs have not been provided with basic social rights and can be classed as a neglected gender group. In addition, there is no love and care provided by the kin and relatives which results in the eunuchs facing psychological complications in daily life.

Eunuchs face psychological complications in daily life. The condition necessitates encouragement and social acceptance of eunuch to lead a normal and healthy life in the society. Furthermore socio-psychosocial aid and regular counselling is mandatory for creating hope necessary for leading a normal life.
Eunuchs face psychological complications in daily life. The condition necessitates encouragement and social acceptance of eunuch to lead a normal and healthy life in the society. Furthermore socio-psychosocial aid and regular counselling is mandatory for creating hope necessary for leading a normal life.Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are capable of extensive self-renewal yet remain highly sensitive to environmental perturbations in vitro, posing challenges to their therapeutic use. There is an urgent need to advance strategies that ensure safe and robust long-term growth and functional differentiation of these cells. Here, we deployed high-throughput screening strategies to identify a small-molecule cocktail that improves viability of hPSCs and their differentiated progeny. The combination of chroman 1, emricasan, polyamines, and trans-ISRIB (CEPT) enhanced cell survival of genetically stable hPSCs by simultaneously blocking several stress mechanisms that otherwise compromise cell structure and function. CEPT provided strong improvements for several key applications in stem-cell research, including routine cell passaging, cryopreservation of pluripotent and differentiated cells, embryoid body (EB) and organoid formation, single-cell cloning, and genome editing. Thus, CEPT represents a unique poly-pharmacological strategy for comprehensive cytoprotection, providing a rationale for efficient and safe utilization of hPSCs.
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