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SCO-spondin, a huge matricellular health proteins that manages cerebrospinal water action.
nt osseo-integration and promotes osteogenesis under conditions of oxidative stress. This study provides new insights for future applications in the field of joint arthroplasty. © 2020 Tang et al.Background Honokiol (HK) is a common herbal medicine extracted from magnolia plants. Low aqueous solubility and limited bioavailability of HK have hindered its clinical application, especially for cancer treatment. Nano-drug delivery system has the potential to enhance HK delivery and therefore, enhance its anti-cancer activity. Purpose The study's aim is to design novel PEGylated-PLGA polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) for HK delivery to breast tumor-bearing mice after systemic administration. Methods Formulation of different HK-loaded NCs and their physio-chemical characterization were optimized through the use of different formulation variables. The antitumor activity of the HK-loaded NCs was investigated both in vitro using MCF-7 and EAC breast cancer cell lines and in vivo using solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC) breast cancer model. Results The optimum HK-loaded NCs were prepared from 15% PEG-PLGA diblock copolymer and exhibited the lowest nano size of 125 nm, smooth spherical morphology, highest drug loading of 94% and highest cellular uptake into breast cancer cells. HK-loaded PEGylated NCs can effectively inhibit the in vitro cell growth of breast cancer cells by 80.2% and 58.1% compared to 35% and 31% with free HK in the case of MCF-7 and EAC, respectively. HK-loaded NCs inhibited SEC tumor growth by 2.3 fold significantly higher than free HK, in vivo. Conclusion The designed drug delivery system encapsulating HK exhibited a pronounced decrease in tumor growth biomarkers meanwhile proved its safety in animals. Therefore, 15% PEGylated HK-loaded NCs may act as a promising new approach for breast cancer treatment. © 2020 Haggag et al.Purpose Quantum dots (QDs) are used as fluorescent probes due to their high fluorescence intensity, longevity of fluorescence, strong light-resistant bleaching ability and high light stability. Therefore, we explore a more precise probe that can target an organelle. Methods In the current study, a new class of fluorescence probes were developed using QDs capped with 4 different L-cysteine-polyamine-morpholine linked by mercapto groups. Ligands were characterised by Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Modified QDs were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), and fluorescence microscopy. And the biological activity of modified QDs was explored by using MTT assay with HeLa, SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells. The fluorescence imaging of modified QDs was obtained by confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy (CLSM). Results Synthesized QDs ranged between 4 to 5 nm and had strong optical emission properties. UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra demonstrated that the cysteine-polyamine-morpholine were successfully incorporated into QD nanoparticles. The MTT results demonstrated that modified QDs had lesser cytotoxicity when compared to unmodified QDs. In addition, modified QDs had strong fluorescence intensity in HeLa cells and targeted lysosomes of HeLa cells. SP-2577 concentration Conclusion This study demonstrates the modified QDs efficiently entered cells and could be used as a potential lysosome-targeting fluorescent probe. © 2020 Zhang et al.Introduction The development of the field of biomaterials engineering is rapid. Various bioactive coatings are created to improve the biocompatibility of substrates used for bone regeneration, which includes formulation of thin zirconia coatings with pro-osteogenic properties. The aim of this study was to assess the biological properties of ZrO2 thin films grown by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) technology (ZrO2 ALD). Methodology The cytocompatibility of the obtained layers was analysed using the mice pre-osteoblastic cell line (MC3T3) characterized by decreased expression of microRNA 21-5p (miR-21-5p) in order to evaluate the potential pro-osteogenic properties of the coatings. The in vitro experiments were designed to determine the effect of ZrO2 ALD coatings on cell morphology (confocal microscope), proliferative activity (cell cycle analysis) and metabolism, reflected by mitochondrial membrane potential (cytometric-based measurement). Additionally, the influence of layers on the expression of genes associaO2 coatings created using the ALD method may have pro-osteogenic properties and may improve the metabolism of bone precursor cells. Given the above, further development of ZrO2 ALD layers is essential in terms of their potential clinical application in bone regenerative medicine. © 2020 Seweryn et al.Background Aripiprazole, which is a quinolinone derivative, has been widely used to treat schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder. Purpose A Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used purposely to optimize process parameters conditions for formulating nanoemulsion containing aripiprazole using high emulsification methods. Methods This design is used to investigate the influences of four independent variables (overhead stirring time (A), shear rate (B), shear time (C), and the cycle of high-pressure homogenizer (D)) on the response variable namely, a droplet size (Y) of nanoemulsion containing aripiprazole. Results The optimum conditions suggested by the predicted model were 120 min of overhead stirring time, 15 min of high shear homogenizer time, 4400 rpm of high shear homogenizer rate and 11 cycles of high-pressure homogenizer, giving a desirable droplet size of nanoemulsion containing aripiprazole of 64.52 nm for experimental value and 62.59 nm for predicted value. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed the quadratic polynomial fitted the experimental values with F-value (9.53), a low p-value (0.0003) and a non-significant lack of-fit. It proved that the models were adequate to predict the relevance response. The optimized formulation with a viscosity value of 3.72 mPa.s and pH value of 7.4 showed good osmolality value (297 mOsm/kg) and remained stable for three months in three different temperatures (4°C, 25°C, and 45°C). Conclusion This proven that response surface methodology is an efficient tool to produce desirable droplet size of nanoemulsion containing aripiprazole for parenteral delivery application. © 2020 Samiun et al.
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