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A physique guide of somatic mutagenesis throughout morphologically regular human tissue.
Interestingly, expression of hRAD52-S346X also reduced the stimulation of SSA observed upon depletion of BRCA2, demonstrating the reciprocal roles for RAD52 and BRCA2 in the control of DSB repair by SSA. From an immunofluorescence analysis, we observed little nuclear localization of the mutant protein as compared to the wildtype; it is likely that the reduced nuclear levels of RAD52 S346X explain the diminished DSB repair by SSA. Altogether, we identified a genetic modifier that protects against breast cancer in women who carry pathogenic mutations in BRCA2 (P = 0.0008), and to a lesser extent BRCA1 (P = 0.02). This RAD52 mutation causes a reduction in DSB repair by SSA, suggesting that defects in RAD52-dependent DSB repair are linked to reduced tumor risk in BRCA2-mutation carriers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Drug-induced hypertension is one of the commonest causes of secondary hypertension. In the last few years, secondary hypertension due to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, from the vascular endothelial growth factor class, has been recognized to be an important cause of hypertension, as well as proteinuria, and occasionally kidney dysfunction in some cases. Less well-recognized is that BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors also have adverse vascular effects. These manifest as vascular stenoses in large vessels, which may sometimes cause renal artery stenosis and subsequent hypertension. We describe a case report which presented as classical bilateral renal artery stenosis, and responded to revascularization. Increased awareness of these effects, as well as research into the pathogenesis, may provide more insight into vascular biology. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The limited triple phase boundaries (TPBs) in solid state cathodes (SSCs) and high resistance imposed by solid electrolytes (SEs) make the achievement of high-performance all-solid-state lithium-oxygen (ASS Li-O 2 ) batteries full of thorns. Herein, a porosity-adjustable plastic crystal electrolyte (PCE) has been successfully fabricated by employing a thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique to overcome the above tricky issues. The meticulous designed SSC through in-situ introducing porous PCE on the surface of active material, facilitates the simultaneous transfer of Li + /e - , as well as ensures fast flow of O 2 , forming continuous and abundant TPBs. The high Li + conductivity, softness and adhesion of the dense PCE significantly reduce the battery resistance to 115 Ω. As a result, the ASS Li-O 2 battery based on this porosity-adjustable PCE exhibits superior performances with high specific capacity (5963 mAh/g), good rate capability and stable cycling life up to 130 cycles at 32 ºC. This novel design and exciting results could open a new avenue for ASS Li-O 2 batteries. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Cardiac manifestations of hydatid cysts are rare and occur in 0.5% to 2% of all cases of human hydatidosis. Behçet's disease is a vasculitis which is often associated with venous thrombosis. An intra-cardiac mass in a patient with Behçet's disease should raise the suspicion of thrombosis. However, we report a 32-year-old gentleman with Behçet's disease and history of multiple episodes of venous thrombosis who was first diagnosed with having an intra-cardiac thrombus on echocardiogram. Five months later, his echocardiogram revealed a hydatid cyst in the right ventricular apex which was also confirmed by cardiac magnetic resonance. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Receptor like kinases represent the largest group of cell surface receptors in plants, of which monophyletic LRR-RLK subfamily II is considered to contain the somatic embryogenesis receptor kinases (SERK), NSP interacting kinase (NIK) known to be involved in both developmental processes as well as cellular immunity in plants. In terms of phylogenetics of LRR-RLKII only a few published studies, unfortunately suffering from poor taxon/gene sampling, exist. Hence, it is not clear how many and what main clades it contains, let alone what structure/function relationships exist. We used 1342 protein sequences annotated as 'SERK' and 'SERK like' plus related sequences in order to estimate phylogeny within the LRR-RLKII clade, using a nematode protein kinase Pelle as outgroup. We reconstruct five main clades (LRR-RLKII 1-5) in each of which the main pattern of land plant relationships re-occurrs, confirming previous hypotheses that duplication events happened in this gene subfamily prior to the divergence among land plant lineages. We show that domain structures and intron-exon boundaries within the 5 clades are well conserved in evolution. Furthermore, phylogenetic patterns based on the separate LRR and kinase part of LRR-RLKs are incongruent whereas the LRR supports a LRR-RLKII 2/3 sister group relation, the kinase supports clade 1/2. We infer that the kinase part includes few 'radical' amino acid changes compared with the LRR part. Finally, our results confirm that amino acids involved in each LRR-RLKII-receptor complex interaction are located at N-capping residues, and that the short amino-acid motifs of this interaction domain are highly conserved throughout evolution within the five LRR-RLKII clades. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Supramolecular chemistry in confined space constructed from macrocyclic molecules has attracted much attention, because it can utilize the specific binding properties of macrocyclic cavities. Here we report preparation of length-controlled discrete tubular structures by homo-/co-assembly of rim-differentiated and peralkylamino pillar[5]arenes via hydrogen bonds and salt bridges. By dimerization and trimerization, the expanded tubes showed five-fold helices and staged binding, respectively. We found that the exchange speed of guest molecules in the tubes could be controlled by varying the tube length. click here © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Intermittent pneumatic compression is part of the current standard of care model for preventing venous thromboembolic events (VTE) after total joint arthroplasty. Pneumatic motors limit the rate of inflation resulting in bulky devices with uncomfortable sleeves that inhibited patient compliance and mobility. Nonpneumatic mechanical devices are an alternative for providing mobile, graded, intermittent, sequential, rapid, and monitorable compression posthospitalization. Fifteen healthy volunteers underwent mechanical compression using the Cirvo (Radial Medical, Mountain View, CA) as well as pneumatic compression with four commercially available systems (VenaFlow Elite, Kendall SCD Compression System, ActiveCare DVT, Vasculaire Compression System) and manual calf compression. Peak flow velocity (PFV) was measured by ultrasound of the femoral vein during compression and at baseline. Mechanical compression for 1 second resulted in a significant increase in femoral venous PFV to 107.8 ± 38.2 cm/s from 17.1 ± 4.7 cm/s at baseline (P  less then  .
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