Notes

Revealing whom offers conduct alter surgery: continuing development of the Intervention Origin Ontology.
dibular gland mea-sured by CT volume rendering was 70%-82% of that measured by in vitro detection of glandular body. The results of the two methods had a high degree of consistency. The weight and volume of submandibular gland were related to age, gender, body height and body weight.
To observe the wear performance of Giomer and universal composite for posterior restorations by 3D laser scan method, in order to guide the material selection in clinic.

In this study, 48 patients (108 teeth) were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the patients in need of a minimum of 2 Class Ⅰ and/or Class Ⅱ restorations were invited to join the study. The teeth were restored with Giomer (Beautifil Ⅱ, BF) and universal composite (Filtek Z350, Z350) randomly. The restorations were evaluated at baseline and after 6-, 18-, 48-month using the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria for clinical performance. The
images and gypsum replicas were taken at each recall. A 3D-laser scanner and Geomagic Studio 12 were used to analyze the wear depth quantitatively. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 20.0.

After 4 years, 89.6% patients were recalled. The survival rate of both materials was 95.8% (Kaplan-Meier survival analysis). Seven restorations of th ADA guidelines for tooth-colored restorative materials for posterior teeth. When the two materials were applied in occlusal contact areas, wear resistance of Giomer was slightly lower than universal composite resin. No significant difference was found when they were applied in none of the occlusal contact areas.
Within the limitation of the study, after 4 years, the survival rate and wear resistance of Giomer met ADA guidelines for tooth-colored restorative materials for posterior teeth. When the two materials were applied in occlusal contact areas, wear resistance of Giomer was slightly lower than universal composite resin. No significant difference was found when they were applied in none of the occlusal contact areas.
To compare temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology and position among skeletal class Ⅱ female adolescents with different vertical patterns using cone-beam CT (CBCT).

Diagnostic CBCT images of 80 female patients aged 11 to 14 years were assessed retrospectively. selleck kinase inhibitor According to subspinale-nasion-supramental angle (ANB) and Frankfort horizontal plane-gonion-gnathion angle (FH-GoGn), the participants were categorized into four groups (20 subjects each),
class Ⅰ normal angle (group 1, 0°≤ANB < 4°, 22°≤FH-GoGn≤32°), class Ⅱ low (group 2, ANB≥4°, FH-GoGn < 22°), normal (group 3, ANB≥4°, 22°≤FH-GoGn≤32°) and high angle (group 4, ANB≥4°, FH-GoGn > 32°). Cephalometrics, morphology and position of TMJ were measured in Dolphin software. Using paired-samples
test to analyze TMJ symmetry, One-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) and Chi-square tests to detect differences among the groups. The correlations between cephalometrics and TMJ measurements were also analysed within the skeletal class Ⅱ patienshallowest glenoid fossa depth, and narrowest condylar long axis diameter were found in skeletal class Ⅱ high angle group, which means that patients with this facial type have considerable joint instable factors, and we should especially pay attention when orthodontic treatment is carried out on them.
To investigate the factors affecting the trueness of finish lines of full crown preparations in digital impressions.

A full crown preparation of the right maxillary molar was prepared on the standard resin dentition model, the trueness of the finish lines, the full crown preparation in the whole dentition and the isolated full crown preparation were measured respectively. Detection of scanning trueness of the finish lines of the full crown preparation in the whole dentition (1) Using Imetric scanner to scan the full crown preparation, obtaining STL (Stereo lithographic) format data as the reference true value; (2) Using CEREC Omnicam oral scanner and 3Shape TRIOS oral scanner to scan the full crown preparation, obtaining all the STL format data, import Geomagic Studio 2013 software, extraction of images and data of the complete finish lines or local finish lines (mesial, distal, buccal, lingual) of the full crown preparation, then using the data to 3D Compare Analysis with the reference true value, output teeth, which will affect the trueness of the local finish line, and ultimately reduce the trueness of the complete finish line.
To investigate the change of endo-sinus bone height and bone volume in osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) without bone graft but placing implants simultaneously by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and three dimensional analysis, and to find the impacting factors on endo-sinus bone augmentation.

OSFE was performed in 38 edentulous patients with missing teeth at posterior maxillary region, and 44 implants were placed and referred for OSFE using no graft materials. CBCT was performed pre-surgery and 9－68 months post-surgery when the patients encountered another implant surgery. The gained bone height at mesial, distal, buccal and palatal sites around the implant in sinus were measured, volumetric measurements of the endo-sinus gained bone volume (ESGBV) in the elevated region were calculated by Mimics software. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were performed to investigate the impacting factors on the gained bone height and ESGBV. Marginal bone loss was recorded according to tght and ESGBV gained (
=0.008). Multivariate analysis showed after adjusting factors of gender, age, smoking, width of sinus floor, thickness of sinus membrane pre-surgery, diameter and length of the implant, PL and bone generation period was positively correlated with mean endo-sinus gained bone height and ESGBV, while RBH negatively correlated with mean endo-sinus gained bone height. During the follow-up, the mean marginal bone loss was 0 (0－1.41) mm and all the implants loaded successfully.

OSFE without bone graft but with placed implant simultaneously can increase endo-sinus gained bone height and ESGBV. RBH, PL and bone generation period are the significant factors impacting endo-sinus bone augmentation.
OSFE without bone graft but with placed implant simultaneously can increase endo-sinus gained bone height and ESGBV. RBH, PL and bone generation period are the significant factors impacting endo-sinus bone augmentation.
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