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05). According to the biomechanical results, none of the grafts used in this study was distinctly superior to any of the others.The goal of this study is to develop and validate a novel semi-automatic detection method (SADM) under nasopharyngoscopy based on the image processing technique, which can assist the evaluation of the velar closure ratio (VCR). After the development of the SADM, 72 patients were enrolled. The reliability of SADM was evaluated by repeated measurements. Velar closure ratio are given by conventional nasopharyngoscopy method and SADM were compared. selleck Velar closure ratios given by SADM were further translated into a trichotomous classification for velopharyngeal function diagnosis, that is, velopharyngeal closure (VPC), marginal VPC (MVPC), and velopharyngeal incomplete. The 2 VCR-thresholds used for the translation were explored and validated. As results shown, SADM was proved to be reliable with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.996 (95% confidence interval 0.993-0.997, P  0.1). In conclusion, this study successfully developed an accurate and reliable semi-automatic method to evaluate VCR, which could help improve the efficacy of VCR evaluation and velopharyngeal function diagnosis.
Cranioplasty is a common neurosurgical procedure. The main reasons for performing cranioplasty are, in addition to aesthetic correction and protection of the brain, the reestablishment of the adequate flow of cerebrospinal fluid and the prevention of complications inherent to the perpetuation of bone failure. In our institution the patient's autologous bone remains the best method for performing cranioplasty, despite the existence of other heterologous grafts and bone substitutes. Despite representing for us, the best material for cranioplasty, the use of autologous grafting is subject to complications. In this paper, the authors present the case of a patient who underwent cranioplasty with autologous bone that progressed with spontaneous resorption of the bone flap. The authors herein briefly discuss the case and review the literature on the subject, with an emphasis on the factors that can lead to such an outcome.
Cranioplasty is a common neurosurgical procedure. The main reasons for performing cranioplasty are, in addition to aesthetic correction and protection of the brain, the reestablishment of the adequate flow of cerebrospinal fluid and the prevention of complications inherent to the perpetuation of bone failure. In our institution the patient's autologous bone remains the best method for performing cranioplasty, despite the existence of other heterologous grafts and bone substitutes. Despite representing for us, the best material for cranioplasty, the use of autologous grafting is subject to complications. In this paper, the authors present the case of a patient who underwent cranioplasty with autologous bone that progressed with spontaneous resorption of the bone flap. The authors herein briefly discuss the case and review the literature on the subject, with an emphasis on the factors that can lead to such an outcome.
Polyotia is a very rare auricular malformation, and only few cases have been reported to date. Polyotia has been ambiguously defined, and due to the instability of its shape and condition, no uniform surgical technique has been established up to now. Thus, it is necessary to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of polyotia. The aim of the present study was to present a new set of objective diagnostic criteria for discussion, and introduce our surgical design for polyotia.

A retrospective analysis was performed on 34 cases of polyotia, which were diagnosed and treated in our Plastic Surgery Department during a 3-year period from January 2016 to March 2019. The preoperative photographs, manifestations and operation records of these 34 cases were reviewed.

On the basis of the new set of objective diagnostic criteria, only 12 of 34 cases were diagnosed as polyotia, while the remaining 22 cases were diagnosed as accessory tragus. Polyotia was redefined as the presence of a broad-based accessory auricle in the tragus area along with accessory cavitas conchae similar to cavitas conchae. The new surgical design emphasized the use of cartilage and skin to fill up the concavity and reconstruct the tragus.

The diagnosis of polyotia was presented on the basis of a new set of objective criteria, which include an accessory auricle and accessory cavitas conchae. The use of cartilage and skin to fill up the concavity and reconstruct the tragus were the emphases.
The diagnosis of polyotia was presented on the basis of a new set of objective criteria, which include an accessory auricle and accessory cavitas conchae. The use of cartilage and skin to fill up the concavity and reconstruct the tragus were the emphases.
Craniosynostosis is the premature fusion of 1 or more of the calvarial sutures causing a secondary distortion of the skull shape due to lack of growth perpendicular to the fused suture and compensatory overgrowth parallel to the suture. Open vault craniosynostosis repair requires extensive dissection and reshaping of the skull and can be associated with significant pain, commonly undervalued, and underreported in the pediatric cohort. Although there is an extensive body of literature focusing on the operative treatment of craniosynostosis, there is little consensus about optimal postoperative management protocols, including pain control regimens. The purpose of this study was to assess variation in immediate postoperative management protocols within the United States. A Qualtrics-based survey was submitted to all 112 American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association-approved craniofacial teams regarding their routine postoperative management protocol. Nineteen responses were obtained. All surgeons reported roul signs and observational parameters for pain assessment with 47% reporting the use of a formal pain scale. Sixty-three percent of those surveyed used a drain, 88% used a foley catheter, 75% used postoperative prophylactic antibiotics, and 75% routinely used arterial line monitoring postoperatively. The results of this survey will be the basis for future direction in understanding the efficacy of differing management protocols and further study of pain management in the pediatric craniosynostosis population.
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