Notes

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. However, there was no significant association between the college library and the performance of study participants in this particular course.
Medical students extend their preparatory learning on entering the clinical work environment, by joining their clinical team as peripheral participants and start to care for "real" patients. This learning is situated, experiential, varied, mainly unstructured, highly dependent on clinical opportunities (affordances), and students' motivation to learn (learner agency). Students ideally contribute to workplace activities, which allow their practical skills, confidence and professional identity to evolve. This study sought to investigate senior students' perspectives in their early stages of workplace learning, by using social learning theory as a framework. The focus is on team integration, practical skills performance, professional development and their evolving professional identity.

Between 2015 and 2018, we conducted five focus groups, with a total of 36 volunteers, out of a possible 200 (18% Stage 3 (Year 3)) medical students. Each focus group session was audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Particr team provided a role in their community of practice, strengthening their identity as evolving doctors. Exposure to both positive and negative role models allowed students to reflect on ethical issues, further extending their own professional identities.

Participants were quick to observe and report workplace dynamics as they were exposed to the positive and negative aspects of the hidden curriculum. This allowed them to reflect on patient safety, and ethical concerns promoting the development of their professional identity.
Participants were quick to observe and report workplace dynamics as they were exposed to the positive and negative aspects of the hidden curriculum. This allowed them to reflect on patient safety, and ethical concerns promoting the development of their professional identity.
This study evaluated the study habits of Saudi urology residents throughout their residency training. It examines the study time and quality of study materials used by Saudi urology residents and identifies ways to maximize study benefits.

An online questionnaire was distributed to 152 registered residents in regions throughout Saudi Arabia (response rate 93.4%). The questionnaire addressed study habits throughout training, motivations for studying, preferred study resources, impressions on teaching quality, study preparation methods, and exam preparedness among junior and senior residents.

Among all residents, 37.3% read for 2-5 hours weekly. Juniors read significantly more than seniors (P = 0.034). Marital status affects seniors' study habits (P = 0.029). For most seniors, preparation for the final board exam is the greatest motivation for studying (P = 0.006). The AUA/EAU guidelines were useful information source for seniors (P = 0.001). Fifty-four percent (54.4%) of residents felt that their residency program did not provide protected study time prior to the board exams. Moreover, the majority (64.8%) felt that the training program did not adequately prepare them for the board exams.

We recommend that local program directors implement more effective teaching methods. Structured reading habits and specific study materials were found to be positive predictors of successful performance. Residents should also be educated in balancing working hours, social life, and study.
We recommend that local program directors implement more effective teaching methods. Structured reading habits and specific study materials were found to be positive predictors of successful performance. selleck inhibitor Residents should also be educated in balancing working hours, social life, and study.
New technologies like gamification are continuously integrated into medical education during the last years. However, the benefit and implementation of such gaming platforms are not clearly studied. This analysis assesses the feasibility of Kahoot! regarding simplicity and low-cost performance as a learning/teaching tool for medical education in (histo-)pathology.

In this feasibility pilot study, we developed 36 modules for different benign and malignant tumors, covering four major topics gastrointestinal tract, dermatology, urogenital tract, and hematology. Each module included histomorphological text-based questions for education of 2nd-year medical students. The online gaming-platform Kahoot! was anonymously implemented before and after "classical" medical education which included discussions of histological slides for each tumor entity using Microsoft PowerPoint-based presentations in combination with microscopical demonstrations. Participating students were invited to a seven-questions evaluation aboving learning outcomes of pathomorphological topics with high acceptance by students. Kahoot!-based evaluations should be also performed in more advanced topics in the field of histopathology.
Pressures measured during mechanical ventilation provide important information about the respiratory system mechanics and can help predict outcomes.

The electronic medical records of patients hospitalized between 2010 and 2016 with sepsis who required mechanical ventilation were reviewed to collect demographic information, clinical information, management requirements, and outcomes, such as mortality, ICU length of stay, and hospital length of stay. Mechanical ventilation pressures were recorded on the second full day of hospitalization.

This study included 312 adult patients. The mean age is 59.1 ± 16.3 years; 57.4% were men. The mean BMI was 29.3 ± 10.7. Some patients had pulmonary infections (46.2%), and some patients had extrapulmonary infections (34.9%). The overall mortality was 42.6%. In a multi-variable model that included age, gender, number of comorbidities, APACHE 2 score, and PaO
/FiO
ratio, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and PEEP all predicted mortality when entered is with high mechanical ventilator pressures during the early course of their acute respiratory failure require more attention to identify reversible disease processes when possible. In addition, increased BMIs are associated with increased ventilator pressures, and this increases the complexity of the clinical evaluation in the management of obese patients.
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