Notes

Determination of Grain-Boundary Structure as well as Electrostatic Features within a SrTiO3 Bicrystal through Four-Dimensional Electron Microscopy.
Moreover, the sideband interval becomes ωb/n, and it can be decreased by increasing n. Our work paves the way to achieve a tunable optical frequency comb based on the optomechanical system.This Letter presents a single-layer, dual-frequency unit for generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) in the microwave range. The unit cell consists of a square frame and two concentric rings with branches. The developed units can produce multifunctional OAM with required OAM mode, beam number, and direction. To demonstrate this versatility, three reflectarrays operating at dual frequencies are designed, and one is fabricated and measured to validate the design. The reflectarray has the following advantages high gain (15.4dBi at 10 GHz, 20.3dBi at 20 GHz), high aperture efficiency (13.53% at 10 GHz, 10.33% at 20 GHz), low divergence angle (7.5°at 10 GHz, 6° at 20 GHz), small size, and compactness in the form of a single-layer structure. The designed multifunctional reflectarray has potential applications in remote sensing, point-to-point communication, satellite communications, and others.We experimentally investigate the influence of varying pulse parameters on the spectral broadening, power spectral density, and relative intensity noise of mid-infrared (mid-IR) in-amplifier cascaded supercontinuum generation (SCG) by varying the pulse duration (35 ps, 1 ns, 3 ns) and repetition rate (100, 500, 1000 kHz). The system is characterized at the output of the erbium-ytterbium-doped in-amplifier SCG stage, the thulium/germanium power redistribution stage, and the passive ZBLAN fiber stage. In doing so, we demonstrate that the output of the later stages depends critically on the in-amplifier stage, and relate this to the onset of modulation instability.This publisher's note contains a correction to Opt. Lett.45, 4915 (2020)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.404197.We report an improved light extraction in all-inorganic perovskite light-emitting devices (PeLEDs) by integrating a periodic corrugated nanostructure at the metallic cathode/organic interface. Nanoimprinting lithography was used to introduce the nanostructures onto the surface of the electron transport layer directly to avoid influencing the morphology and crystallinity of the perovskite film underneath. The trapped energy at the metallic electrode has been successfully outcoupled by the excitation of the surface plasma polariton (SPP) modes induced by the periodic corrugations. The luminance and current efficiency of the periodically corrugated PeLED exhibit enhancements of 42% and 28%, respectively, compared to those of the planar PeLED. The finite-difference time-domain simulation was used to confirm the efficient outcoupling of the SPP modes.While linear or angular position and momentum can be linked by a continuous or discrete Fourier transform, there are some subtle problems in the analogous Fourier relationship between radial position and radial momentum in history. Here we exploit radial position and newly introduced radial momentum variables to report a radial version of light's diffraction. The mask with single or multiple radial slits confines the light to a radial transmission function. As a result, in the radial momentum state space, we can observe the diffraction sidebands generated on the transmitted light due to a transverse restriction of the radial range. Our experimental results clearly reveal the intriguing diffraction behaviors between radial position and radial momentum variables at the single-photon level, making them another candidate for fundamental tests of quantum mechanics and for a variety of quantum information applications.In this work, the coupling of magnetoplasmon polaritons (MPP) to surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) in near-field radiative heat transfer is theoretically investigated. The system is composed of two parallel graphene-coated SiO2 substrates. By applying an external magnetic field, the separated branches of MPPs can couple with SPhPs to form tunable modes. The behavior remolds the energy transport of the system. The relative thermal magnetoresistance ratio can reach values of up to 160% for a magnetic field of 8 T. In addition, the thermal stealthy for the coated graphene is realized by tuning the intensity of fields. This work has substantial importance to graphene-based magneto-optical devices.Plasmonic random lasers have been demonstrated in combining dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystals (DD-CLCs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The DD-CLC laser reveals the lowest threshold and highest slope efficiency through the localized surface plasmon resonance of AgNPs with the best coupling of the emission spectrum of lasing dye and resonance of electron oscillation on the metal surface. Thermal control of the DD-CLC lasers has been achieved to simultaneously shift the long- and short-edge lasing peaks. By the α-stable analysis, the DD-CLC random laser (RL) reveals heavy tail distribution with relatively low α∼1.06 to show the Lévy behavior. Owing to its low spatial coherence, the DD-CLC RL has been demonstrated to produce a speckle-reduced image with a lower contrast of about 0.04.In traditional optical design, a starting point is selected and coefficients optimization is then performed using software. EI1 inhibitor requires considerable time and the involvement of a human with design skills and experience. In this Letter, a fast automatic method for freeform imaging systems design is proposed. Using a plane system as the input, a freeform optical system with high image quality can be designed automatically at high speed. The method consists of system construction and system correction, combining the advantages of the direct design method and the methods based on aberration analysis. After system construction generates a system with fundamental optical parameters, system correction is an iterative process that alternates between image plane correction and surfaces correction to improve the image quality to a high level. #link# Two examples required 5 min 56 s and 6 min 10 s to design freeform systems with near-diffraction-limit image quality.Hybrid order Poincaré spheres to represent more general Stokes singularities are presented. Polarization singularities form a subset of Stokes singularities, and therefore induction of these spheres brings completeness. The conventional understanding of Poincaré beams as hybrid order Poincaré sphere beams is also expanded to include more beams. Construction and salient properties of these spheres are explained with illustrations to show their ability to represent more exotic Poincaré beams that have zero total helicity irrespective of their size. Pancharatnam-Berry geometric phase formulation using these new spheres is also possible.
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