Notes

Higgs p_T Spectrum and Full Cross-section together with Fiducial Slashes from Next Resummed and glued Purchase throughout QCD.
In view that the previous control methods usually rely too much on the models of batch process and have difficulty in a practical batch process with unknown dynamics, a novel data-driven two-dimensional (2D) off-policy Q-learning approach for optimal tracking control (OTC) is proposed to make the batch process obtain a model-free control law. Firstly, an extended state space equation composing of the state and output error is established for ensuring tracking performance of the designed controller. Secondly, the behavior policy of generating data and the target policy of optimization as well as learning is introduced based on this extended system. Then, the Bellman equation independent of model parameters is given via analyzing the relation between 2D value function and 2D Q-function. The measured data along the batch and time directions of batch process are just taken to carry out the policy iteration, which can figure out the optimal control problem despite lacking systematic dynamic information. The unbiasedness and convergence of the designed 2D off-policy Q-learning algorithm are proved. Finally, a simulation case for injection molding process manifests that control effect and tracking effect gradually become better with the increasing number of batches.
Obstructive sleep apnea, characterized by sleep fragmentation and chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Recent epidemiological studies point to CIH as the best predictor of developing cognitive decline and AD in older adults with obstructive sleep apnea. However, the precise underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of CIH on pathological human tau seeding, propagation, and accumulation; cognition; synaptic plasticity; neuronal network excitability; and gene expression profiles in a P301S human mutant tau mouse model of AD and related tauopathies.

We exposed 4- to 4.5-month-old male P301S and wild-type mice to an 8-week CIH protocol (6-min cycle 21% O
to 8% O
to 21% O
, 80 cycles per 8 hours during daytime) and assessed its effect on tau pathology and various AD-related phenotypic and molecular signatures. Age- and sex-matched P301S and wild-type mice were reared in normoxia (21% O
) as experimental controls.

CIH significantly enhanced pathological human tau seeding and spread across connected brain circuitry in P301S mice; it also increased phosphorylated tau load. CIH also exacerbated memory and synaptic plasticity deficits in P301S mice. However, CIH had no effect on seizure susceptibility and network hyperexcitability in these mice. Finally, CIH exacerbated AD-related pathogenic molecular signaling in P301S mice.

CIH-induced increase in pathologic human tau seeding and spread and exacerbation of other AD-related impairments provide new insights into the role of CIH and obstructive sleep apnea in AD pathogenesis.
CIH-induced increase in pathologic human tau seeding and spread and exacerbation of other AD-related impairments provide new insights into the role of CIH and obstructive sleep apnea in AD pathogenesis.
Behavioral research indicates that caregiver mood disorders and emotional instability in the early months following childbirth are associated with lower positive emotionality and higher negative emotionality in infants, but the neural mechanisms remain understudied.

Using resting-state functional connectivity as a measure of the functional architecture of the early infant brain, we aimed to determine the extent to which connectivity between the amygdala, a key region supporting emotional learning and perception, and large-scale neural networks mediated the association between caregiver affect and anxiety and early infant negative emotionality and positive emotionality. Two samples of infants (first sample n= 58; second sample n= 31) 3 months of age underwent magnetic resonance imaging during natural sleep.

During infancy, greater resting-state functional connectivity between the amygdala and the salience network and, to a lesser extent, lower amygdala and executive control network resting-state functional connectivity mediated the effect of greater caregiver postpartum depression and trait anxiety on reducing infant smiling (familywise error-corrected p < .05). Furthermore, results from the first sample were replicated in the second, independent sample, to a greater extent for caregiver depression than for caregiver anxiety.

We provide evidence of early objective neural markers that can help identify infants who are more likely to be at risk from, versus those who might be protected against, the deleterious effects of caregiver depression and anxiety and reduced positive emotionality.
We provide evidence of early objective neural markers that can help identify infants who are more likely to be at risk from, versus those who might be protected against, the deleterious effects of caregiver depression and anxiety and reduced positive emotionality.The lining mucosa of the nasal cavity performs important roles for the host adaptation to the external environment. Camels are unique in their adaptation to the lifestyle of nomadic deserts. The present study aimed to evaluate the distribution pattern of T lymphocytes and S-phase proliferating cells within the nasal mucosa of camel using antibodies against CD3 and PCNA, respectively. The mucosa of the rostral, middle, and caudal parts of the nasal cavity was collected and processed for immunohistochemical staining. CD3-immunoreactive (-IR) cells were observed within the epithelium and lamina propria of all examined parts. However, the numbers of these cells were significantly higher in the rostral part of the nasal mucosa compared to its middle and caudal parts (P less then 0.05). Such expression of CD3-IR cells within the rostral nasal mucosa was most pronounced within its lamina propria which also revealed aggregations of lymphoid cells. The increased frequency of CD3 expressing cells at the rostral part of the nasal mucosa suggests a potential role of the nasal vestibule in limiting the infection via constant clearance of encountered pathogens. selleck inhibitor PCNA-IR cells were mainly found within the basal layers of the nasal epithelium at the rostral part of the nasal cavity, though they showed a significant decrease in their frequencies on moving caudad. The results of the present work will form a basis for assessment of various nasal pathologies affecting camels particularly those associated with increased rates of T lymphocytes infiltration and/or cell proliferation.
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