Notes

Kids.
Congenital venous malformations (VMs) are the most common vascular abnormalities. Their treatment can be complex, depending on their size and surrounding tissues involvement. To date, sclerotherapy is considered the gold standard for the treatment of VMs. This technique, which aims to destroy the endothelium and thus cause fibrosis and retraction of the vascular lesion, is less effective in voluminous VMs. Endovenous thermal ablation is a widely validated treatment in the management of venous insufficiency, showing better efficacy than sclerotherapy in terms of trans-parietal vessel destruction. This approach has therefore also been described in the treatment of VMs. This technique has been introduced for the treatment of complex VMs at the Centre for Malformations and Rare Vascular Diseases of the CHUV.Combined oral contraceptives remain in 2020 the most used contraceptive method in Switzerland and Europe, and are found in about half of venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurring in women aged up to 50 years. In this narrative review, we describe the determinants of the VTE risk, related to the types of oral contraceptives and to genetic or acquired risk factors of users, while summarizing several current recommendations of prescription for contraceptives. The complex management of contraception at the time of VTE should be discussed with patients, in order to minimize the risks of undesired pregnancy, abnormal uterine bleeding and recurrent VTE.Lower extremities arterial disease (LEAD) is the third most common manifestation of atherosclerosis. The number of cardiovascular events in this population is similar to that of coronary artery disease. Management consists mainly of strict control of cardiovascular risk factors, optimal pharmacological treatment and supervised exercise training. Supervised exercise training is superior to other exercise modalities in terms of increased walking time, maximum walking distance, pain-free walking distance and quality of life scores. In association with revascularization, the benefits are enhanced. In Switzerland, federal programs have been created on this basis and exist in many cities. They are little known and yet essential.Arteriopathy of the lower limbs is a frequent pathology. In the face of persistent invalidating claudication or critical ischemia, surgical or endovascular revascularization treatment is necessary. The aim of this article is to review the evolution of the endovascular therapeutic arsenal of the femoropopliteal segment, to present the new endovascular devices available and to give current recommendations for post-interventional antithrombotic treatment.Digital ischemia is suspected in presence of a cold, pale or cyanotic and painful finger. It is a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency and needs urgent referral to a vascular specialist. Digital pressure measurement is needed to confirm the diagnosis. C188-9 datasheet A thorough history taking and physical examination help to guide patients' management. Antithrombotic therapy - with an antiplatelet or anticoagulant drug depending on the most likely etiology - need to be introduced without delay, while awaiting the results of the individualized etiologic workup. Hospital admission is often necessary. A prompt diagnostic and therapeutic management allows satisfactory pain control and avoidance of irreversible digital lesions in the majority of cases.The latest recommendations from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) on the diagnostic and therapeutic management of pulmonary embolism (PE) published this year provide an important update compared to the 2014 version. In terms of diagnosis, the use of the age-adjusted D-dimer cutoff is currently suggested, and a diagnostic algorithm for suspected PE during pregnancy is proposed. Detailed recommendations are provided for the initial orientation of patients with acute PE based on prognostic stratification criteria, as well as for clinical follow-up after PE. Finally, direct oral anticoagulants are included as therapeutic options for the treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis.
The aim of the study was to propose an efficient chairside clinical strategy for the identification of undiagnosed hyperglycaemia in periodontal clinics.

Α chairside system was used for assessment of glycated hemoglobin 1c (HbA1c) and active Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 levels (aMMP-8) were analyzed by immunotest in patients (n = 150) who fulfilled the criteria for screening of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Full-mouth periodontal parameters were assessed and various data such as Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking and education were recorded.

Thirty-one patients out of 150 tested were found with unknown hyperglycaemia (20.7%). Regarding sex, education, parent with diabetes, normal BMI, smoking, age ≥45 years and prior testing for diabetes, no differences were observed between subjects displaying HbA1c < 5.7 and ≥5.7% (Pearson's Chi-square test, p > .05). Subgroups differed regarding BMI (kg/m
), tooth count, percentages of 4 and 5 mm pockets (Mann-Whitney and z-test, p < .05). The diagnostic performance for HbA1c ≥5.7 was tested by Receiving Operator Characteristic curves and Areas Under the Curve (AUC) for the following age ≥ 45 years and BMI (AUC 0.651, p = .010), the above and aMMP-8 (AUC 0.660, p = .006), age ≥ 45 years, BMI and Stage of Periodontitis (AUC 0.711, p < .001) and age ≥ 45 years, BMI, aMMP-8 and stage of periodontitis (AUC 0.713, p < .001).

Findings of the study suggest that the combination of stage of periodontitis, increasing age, BMI and aMMP-8, without chairside HbA1c assessment appears to be a viable screening strategy for referring dental patients for testing for prediabetes/diabetes.
Findings of the study suggest that the combination of stage of periodontitis, increasing age, BMI and aMMP-8, without chairside HbA1c assessment appears to be a viable screening strategy for referring dental patients for testing for prediabetes/diabetes.
Agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is characterized by the congenital partial or complete absence of the corpus callosum. Several strains of mice have been reported to carry AgCC, with the BTBR T
Itpr3
/J (BTBR) inbred mouse strain consistently showing a complete absence of the corpus callosum, as well as a variable reduction in the size of the hippocampal commissure. While much research has focused on the social deficits of the BTBR strain, little research on its cognitive behavior has been conducted. The goal of our study was to compare two facets of executive functioning, spatial working memory, and sustained attention between the BTBR and C57BL/6J (B6) strains.

Spatial working memory was measured utilizing a delayed matching-to-position (DMTP) task and sustained attention was measured utilizing an operant task in which mice were trained to distinguish signal and nonsignal events.

Both the BTBR and B6 mice demonstrated a predictable decline in performance on the DMTP task as the delay interval increased and predictable increase in performance on the sustained attention task as the duration of the signal event increased.
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