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Hereditary Similarity involving Avena sativa T. Varieties as an Example of any Narrow Innate Pool area of recent Cereal Varieties.
Hard-soft nanocomposites of (1 -x) BaFe12O19/x(Zn0.5Co0.5)Fe2O4, forx= 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00, were prepared via co-precipitation and high-speed ball milling techniques, respectively. The synthesized samples were characterized via x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometer. selleck kinase inhibitor XRD revealed the formation of hard-soft nanocomposites. TEM indicated that the two phases are well distributed and the particle size distribution is narrower for low content of soft phase, leading to better exchange coupling between the grains. Magnetic measurements were performed at 300 K and 77 K. The results showed a good single-phase magnetic behavior, verifying the good exchange coupling between hard and soft phases. For low (Zn0.5Co0.5)Fe2O4content, the dipolar interactions were dominated by the exchange-coupling interactions. Additionally, the optimum values of saturation and remanent magnetizations, coercivity, and squareness ratio were obtained forx= 0.5. This was attributed to the dominance of exchange-coupling interaction. The enhancement of magnetic properties and energy product (BH)maxfor nanocomposites at low temperature is skilled in the reduction of the thermal fluxes of magnetic moments at the surface. The maximum energy product (BH)maxwas observed in C2 at both temperatures with a smaller value than that of pure BaFe12O19.A flexible fabric gas sensor for the detection of sub-ppm-level NH3is reported in this paper. The reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite was successfully coated on cotton thread via anin situpolymerization technique. The morphology, microstructure and composition were analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscope, x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, we have studied the responses of the rGO-PANI nanocomposite-based flexible sensors for the detection of NH3varying from 1-100 ppm, operated at 22 °C. At the optimized concentration of rGO, the response of these sensors increased by 4-5 times in comparison with the pristine rGO and PANI. These flexible sensors exhibited fast response, remarkable long-term stability, good selectivity and a low detection limit. The sensing mechanism for the high sensing performance has been thoroughly discussed and it is mainly due to the distinctive 1D fiber structure, the formation of a p-p heterojunction between the rGO nanosheets and PANI. The rGO-PANI composite-based fabric sensor with low power consumption is a potential flexible electronic device for the detection of NH3.Gas sensor technology is widely utilized in various areas ranging from home security, environment and air pollution, to industrial production. It also hold great promise in non-invasive exhaled breath detection and an essential device in future internet of things. The past decade has witnessed giant advance in both fundamental research and industrial development of gas sensors, yet current efforts are being explored to achieve better selectivity, higher sensitivity and lower power consumption. The sensing layer in gas sensors have attracted dominant attention in the past research. In addition to the conventional metal oxide semiconductors, emerging nanocomposites and graphene-like two-dimensional materials also have drawn considerable research interest. This inspires us to organize this comprehensive 2020 gas sensing materials roadmap to discuss the current status, state-of-the-art progress, and present and future challenges in various materials that is potentially useful for gas sensors.With the incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), CNT/polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites are found to possess enhanced mechanical properties, but the reinforcing effect is reduced at large added CNT weight percentages due to CNT aggregation. Optimizing the properties of a nanocomposite requires a fundamental understanding of the effects of CNT dispersion on the nanocomposite. In this work, coarse-grained molecular models of CNT/PP nanocomposites are constructed, which consist of randomly dispersed or aggregated CNT bundles. Our simulation results reveal that with randomly dispersed CNT bundles, the nanocomposite shows properties that continuously improve with increasing CNT contents due to the effective CNT/PP interface and the reinforcing effect of CNTs. By comparison, the nanocomposite with aggregated CNT clusters exhibits a decline in yield strength at CNT contents over 3 wt%, which results from a reduced CNT load-carrying capacity due to the formation of structural voids in the interfacial region. This study achieves anin situobservation of the structural void evolution of loaded nanocomposites, provides valuable insights into the effects of CNT dispersion on the mechanics of CNT/PP nanocomposites, and paves the way for optimizing the design of nanocomposites with superior mechanical properties by designing the CNT dispersion in the structure.The elaborate design and synthesis of low-cost, efficient and stable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which may alleviate the current energy shortage and environment pollution, is still a great challenge. Herein, metal phosphonate precursors with controllable morphologies were synthesizedin situon the surface of nickel foam with different solvents, and could be easily converted into carbon- and nitrogen-doped cobalt phosphate through a calcination method. The OER catalytic performance of the final products was studied in detail. The results showed that the nanowire shaped samples of CoPiNF-800 synthesized with deionized water under hydrothermal conditions had the strongest electrochemical performance. They exhibited extraordinary catalytic activity with a very low overpotential of 222 mV at 100 mA cm-2, the smallest impedance and excellent electrochemical stability. These results not only demonstrate the possibility of preparing low-cost OER catalysts based on transition metal phosphate, but also aid our understanding of the controllable synthesis process of different morphologies.Inorganic scintillators are widely used for fast timing applications in high-energy physics (HEP) experiments, time-of-flight positron emission tomography and time tagging of soft and hard x-ray photons at advanced light sources. As the best coincidence time resolution (CTR) achievable is proportional to the square root of the scintillation decay time it is worth studying fast cross-luminescence, for example in BaF2which has an intrinsic yield of about 1400 photons/MeV. However, emission bands in BaF2are located in the deep-UV at 195 nm and 220 nm, which sets severe constraints on photodetector selection. Recent developments in dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay searches have led to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) with photon detection efficiencies of 20%-25% at wavelengths of 200 nm. We tested state-of-the-art devices from Fondazione Bruno Kessler and measured a best CTR of 51 ± 5 ps full width at half maximum when coupling 2 mm × 2 mm × 3 mm BaF2crystals excited by 511 keV electron-positron annihilation gammas.
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