Notes

Aftereffect of simulated transport vibrations around the high quality regarding shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes) in the course of safe-keeping.
Obesity increases the risk of new onset heart failure (HF), and particularly HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Despite the observations of favorable clinical outcomes in HF patients with obesity in general, sometimes referred to as the "obesity paradox," it is important to recognize that severe obesity is associated with worse clinical outcomes. This review summarizes the effects of obesity treatment on cardiovascular health and HF clinical outcomes.

Treatment for obesity utilizes a variety of modalities to achieve purposeful weight loss including lifestyle intervention, medications, and bariatric surgery. There are a cluster of benefits of obesity treatment in terms of clinical outcomes in HF. The mechanisms of these benefits include both weight loss-dependent and weight loss-independent mechanisms. Obesity treatment is safe and associated with favorable clinical outcomes across the spectrum of the HF population. The potential benefits are facilitated through multiple mechanisms.
Treatment for obesity utilizes a variety of modalities to achieve purposeful weight loss including lifestyle intervention, medications, and bariatric surgery. There are a cluster of benefits of obesity treatment in terms of clinical outcomes in HF. The mechanisms of these benefits include both weight loss-dependent and weight loss-independent mechanisms. Obesity treatment is safe and associated with favorable clinical outcomes across the spectrum of the HF population. The potential benefits are facilitated through multiple mechanisms.Information regarding welfare consequences of early onset of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is limited. This nationwide study aimed to estimate the educational and employment outcome and health care costs of patients with early-onset BPD compared with matched controls. All patients ( less then  19 years) with first diagnosis of BPD in the Danish Patient Register (NPR) during the period 1983-2015 were included. Health care costs and socioeconomic variables were extracted from national registers. A total of 171 patients was compared with 677 controls. At the age of 20 years, BPD patients had reached a statistically significantly lower educational level (including lower primary school grades) and employment status compared with the controls. When adjusting for the parents' educational level, BPD patients were nearly 22 times more likely to be unemployed (OR = 21.7, 95% CI 11.9, 39.6), and nearly 15 times more likely to be on disability pension (OR = 14.8, 95% CI 5.0, 43.9) than controls. Furthermore, the total health care costs were more than 8 times higher in the BPD group. Early onset of BPD was associated with lower educational and vocational outcome and increased health care costs as early as at the age of 20 years. Even after controlling for parents' lower socioeconomic status, the patients have poorer outcome than the control group. This underlines that initiatives to support patients in finishing school and secondary education is highly needed. Future prevention and early intervention programs should target patients with early-onset BPD and their families.Practice guidelines endorse comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics (CBIT) as first-line treatment for tic disorders (TD) in youth. Nevertheless, CBIT is rarely available due to various barriers. This study evaluated the feasibility and potential effectiveness of an Internet-based, self-help CBIT program (ICBIT) guided by parents with minimal therapist support delivered via telepsychotherapy. Forty-one youths, aged 7-18 years, were randomly assigned to receive either ICBIT (n = 25) or a wait-list (WL) condition (n = 16) in a crossover design. ICBIT was feasible to implement and at post-treatment, 64% of the participants have improved significantly. Results demonstrated clinically meaningful reductions in tic severity and improved youth global impairment and functioning. Gains were maintained over a 6-month follow-up period. The effect size for the primary outcome measure (Yale Global Tic Severity Scale) ranged between large effect size (Cohen"s d = 0.91) at post-intervention to very large effect size (Cohen's d = 2.25) 6 months after the end of the acute intervention. These were comparable to face-to-face delivery treatment trials for TD. Participants rated the intervention as highly acceptable and satisfactory. Youth receiving ICBIT experienced improvement in self-esteem and comorbidity. Finally, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the ICBIT program enabled the delivery of the intervention consecutively without interruption. The results observed provide preliminary evidence of the feasibility and effectiveness of this innovative modality to assist youth with TD and remove various barriers to treatment, including those during a public crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Larger studies with an active control group are warranted.Trial registration URL http//clinicaltrials.gov, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04087616.The Journal of Primary Prevention is dedicating this special issue to the topic of gun violence and the detrimental effects it has on communities. The papers represent original research articles providing scientific evidence on the unintended consequences of gun violence and exposure to such violence in neighborhoods and communities. These papers also take seriously the role of theory in our understanding of gun violence. Funding for gun violence research is experiencing a resurgence, and these papers substantively contribute to that narrative.Does natural selection favor veridical percepts-those that accurately (if not exhaustively) depict objective reality? Perceptual and cognitive scientists standardly claim that it does. Here we formalize this claim using the tools of evolutionary game theory and Bayesian decision theory. We state and prove the "Fitness-Beats-Truth (FBT) Theorem" which shows that the claim is false If one starts with the assumption that perception involves inference to states of the objective world, then the FBT Theorem shows that a strategy that simply seeks to maximize expected-fitness payoff, with no attempt to estimate the "true" world state, does consistently better. check details More precisely, the FBT Theorem provides a quantitative measure of the extent to which the fitness-only strategy dominates the truth strategy, and of how this dominance increases with the size of the perceptual space. The FBT Theorem supports the Interface Theory of Perception (e.g. Hoffman et al. in Psychon Bull Rev https//doi.org/10.3758/s13423-015-0890-8 , 2015), which proposes that our perceptual systems have evolved to provide a species-specific interface to guide adaptive behavior, and not to provide a veridical representation of objective reality.
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