Notes

Specialized medical treating comorbid all forms of diabetes and also psychotic issues.
After the lifestyle program, total and free 25(OH)D increased in all OA, with a greater increase in those receiving VD supplements. HOMA-IR and CRP decreased in all OA. Neither FMD nor NMD were altered in either group. Endothelium-dependent microvascular reactivity only increased in the VD-supplemented group, reaching values comparable to that of controls. Similar results were found when analyzing only OA with a VD deficiency at baseline.

VD supplementation during a lifestyle program attenuated microvascular dysfunction in OA without altering macrovascular function.

NCT02400151.
NCT02400151.
Visceral adipose index (VAI) had been widely used to predict the risks of several diseases. However, few studies have clarified the association between VAI and the risk of hypertension in Chinese population. Thus, we investigate the association between VAI and the increased risk of hypertension in a nationwide cohort of middle-aged and elderly adults in China.

Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2015. A total of 5200 Chinese participants aged 45 years and older were included. Multivariable Cox regression was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of hypertension, with the lowest quartile of VAI score group as the reference. During the 4-years follow-up, 979 cases of hypertension were recorded. Compared with those in the lowest VAI score group, the participants with the highest quartile of VAI score were at a higher risk level of hypertension (HR 1.454; 95% CI 1.204 to 1.755), especially subjects living in the urban area (2.142, 1.522 to 3.014). Furthermore, VAI can improve the ability of both BMI and WC in predicting the risk of hypertension by 12.72% (95% CI 5.78%-19.67%) and 10.12% (95% CI 3.17%-17.07%), respectively.

In summary, VAI was positively associated with an increased risk of hypertension among a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population; VAI score can improve the ability of BMI and WC in predicting risk of hypertension.
In summary, VAI was positively associated with an increased risk of hypertension among a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population; VAI score can improve the ability of BMI and WC in predicting risk of hypertension.
Insufficient dietary fiber (DF) intake is associated with increased blood pressure (BP) and the mode of action is unclear. The intake of DF supplements by participants in previous interventional studies was still far below the amount recommended by the World Health Organization. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effect of supplementing relatively sufficient DF on BP and gut microbiota in patients with essential hypertension (HTN).

Fifty participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the DF group (n=25) and control group (n=25). All the participants received education on regular dietary guidance for HTN. In addition to dietary guidance, one bag of oat bran (30g/d) supplement (containing DF 8.9g) was delivered to the DF group. The office BP (oBP), 24h ambulatory blood pressure, and gut microbiota were measured at baseline and third month. After intervention, the office systolic blood pressure (oSBP; P<0.001) and office diastolic blood pressure (oDBP; P<0.028) in the DF group were lower than those in the control group. Similarly, the changes in 24hmaxSBP (P=0.002), 24hmaxDBP (P=0.001), 24haveSBP (P<0.007), and 24haveDBP (P=0.008) were greater in the DF group than in the control group. The use of antihypertensive drugs in the DF group was significantly reduced (P=0.021). The β diversity, including Jaccard (P=0.008) and Bray-Curtis distance (P=0.004), showed significant differences (P<0.05) between two groups by the third month. The changes of Bifidobacterium (P=0.019) and Spirillum (P=0.006) in the DF group were significant.

Increased DF (oat bran) supplement improved BP, reduced the amount of antihypertensive drugs, and modulated the gut microbiota.

ChiCTR1900024055.
ChiCTR1900024055.
Both blood pressure and C-reactive protein (CRP) are individually associated with cardiovascular mortality risk. However, the combined effect of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and CRP on coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risk, has not been studied.

We evaluated the joint impact of SBP and CRP and the risk of mortality in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease prospective cohort study of 1622 men aged 42-61years at recruitment with no history of CVD. SBP and CRP were measured. SBP was categorized as low and high (cut-off 135mmHg) and CRP as low and high (cut-off 1.54mg/L) based on ROC curves. Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. MAPK inhibitor During a median follow-up of 28years, 196 cases of CHD and 320 cases of CVD deaths occurred. Elevated SBP (>135mmHg) combined with elevated (CRP >1.54mg/L) were associated with CHD and CVD mortality (HR 3.41, 95% CI, 2.20-5.28, p<0.001) and (HR 2.93, 95% CI, 2.11-4.06, p<0.001) respectively after adjustment for age, examination year, smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, Type 2 diabetes, energy expenditure, total cholesterol, serum HDL cholesterol, antihypertensive medication and use of aspirin.

The combined effect of both high systolic blood pressure and high CRP is associated with increased risk of future CHD and CVD mortality as compared with both low SBP and low CRP levels in general male Caucasian population.
The combined effect of both high systolic blood pressure and high CRP is associated with increased risk of future CHD and CVD mortality as compared with both low SBP and low CRP levels in general male Caucasian population.
The accuracy of various 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk models has been debatable. We compared two risk algorithms and explored clustering patterns across different risk stratifications among community residents in Shanghai.

A total of 28,201 residents (aged 40-74 years old) who were free of ASCVD were selected from the Shanghai Survey in China. The 10-year ASCVD risk was estimated by applying the 2013 Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs) and Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR). The agreement was assessed between PCEs and China-PAR using Cohen's kappa statistics. The mean absolute 10-year ASCVD risk calculated by PCEs and China-PAR was about 10.0% and 6.0%, respectively. PCEs estimated that 44.9% of participants [with a 95% confidence interval (CI)44.0%-45.8%] were at high risk, while China-PAR estimated only 16.7% (95%CI15.8%-18.0%) were at high risk. In both models, the percentage of high ASCVD risk was higher for participants who were older, men, less educated, current smokers, drinkers and manual workers.
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