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Anxiety and depression are common disabling comorbidities in cervical dystonia (CD) and may predispose to social withdrawal and social cognitive impairments. The relationship between social cognition and depressive/anxiety symptoms in CD is under-investigated.

Forty-six CD patients (40 women; meanage ±SD, 55.57±10.84years) were administered the following social cognition battery Affect Naming, Prosody Face and Pair Matching subtests from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV and Wechsler Memory Scale IV (social perception), reality-known and reality-unknown false belief reasoning tasks (theory of mind), Empathy Quotient and Social Norms Questionnaire 22 (social behaviour), alongside the Benton Facial Recognition Task (non-emotional facial discrimination). Alongside CD severity, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale measured depressive/anxiety comorbid diagnostic status and severity, and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale assessed social phobia. Social cognition tasks were standardized using publishient modulation and self-adaptation of social cognitive skills.
Studies investigating cognitive dysfunction in psoriatic patients remain inconclusive.

To investigate the risk of cognitive decline in plaque-type psoriasis patients.

Serum neurofilament light chain (NFL) and tau protein concentrations in 45 patients with plaque-type psoriasis and forty-five healthy controls were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Mean homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) values (6.82 vs 3.25) and serum levels of insulin (28.19 vs 15.71), NFL (5.74 vs 1.98), and tau (348.17 vs 207.30) in patients with psoriasis were found to be significantly higher than those of in healthy controls. There was a significant positive correlation between NFL and tau (r=.257, P=.015). There was significant correlation between NFL, tau and PASI (r=.310, P=.040) and (r=.383, P=.010), respectively. Significant correlations between NFL and insulin, TC, HDL-C, TG, VLDL-C, and BMI were found. NFL (9.38 vs 3.08) and tau (439.28 vs 281.58) concentrations and PASI values (23.94 vs 14.18) in patients with disease onset before 40years were significantly higher than that of the patients with disease onset after 40years. C-reactive protein (CRP) was significantly correlated with BMI (r=.449, P<.001), LDL-C (r=.240, P=.026), TG (r=.244, P=.024), and VLDL-C (r=.241, P=.025) in patients with psoriasis.

Increased serum NFL and tau protein levels and the presence of positive correlations between NFL, tau protein and PASI score show cognitive decline risk may be higher in moderate-to-severe psoriasis.
Increased serum NFL and tau protein levels and the presence of positive correlations between NFL, tau protein and PASI score show cognitive decline risk may be higher in moderate-to-severe psoriasis.
To investigate the effects of acute Panax quinquefolius (American ginseng) administration on steady state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) during completion of working memory and continuous performance tasks.

A randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, balanced, cross-over trial was conducted in middle-aged volunteers aged between 40 and 60 years. Participants were administered 200 mg P. quinquefolius and placebo on two separate testing sessions. Six-h post-dose participants completed spatial working memory (SWM) and continuous performance (CP) tasks while SSVEP from a diffuse task-irrelevant 13 Hz flicker was recorded.

During SWM retrieval, P. quinquefolius was associated with significantly reduced prefrontal SSVEP latency. There were no significant treatment effects on CP nor behavioural performance of either task.

These findings provide preliminary evidence of increased recruitment of prefrontal brain regions during working memory processing following a single acute dose of P. quinquefolius.
These findings provide preliminary evidence of increased recruitment of prefrontal brain regions during working memory processing following a single acute dose of P. quinquefolius.Fibrosis is a pathological feature of chronic kidney disease and its progression correlates with declining renal function. Kidney fibrosis is driven by multiple profibrotic factors. #link# This project examined the regulatory function of WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) in the development of kidney fibrosis. Induction of WISP1 by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), and the role of WISP1 in TGF-β1/Smad signaling and fibrotic responses, was examined in multiple kidney cells. Kidney expression of WISP1 was examined in mouse models of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy. WISP1 antibody was administered to UUO mice during the induction of kidney injury and the impact on kidney fibrosis was examined. WISP1 expression was upregulated in both mouse models. TGF-β1-induced expression of WISP1 and profibrotic genes in cultured kidney cells via TGF-βR1. Recombinant WISP1-induced expression of TGF-βR1 in kidney cells. Suppression of WISP1 by shRNA or neutralizing antibody reduced TGF-β1-mediated activation of Smad3, fibrotic gene expression, and fibroblast proliferation. Treatment with WISP1 antibody inhibited the development of kidney fibrosis in UUO mice. WISP1 mediates the profibrotic effects of TGF-β1 in kidney cells and in kidney disease. Raltitrexed manufacturer of WISP1 exhibits potential as a novel therapy for inhibiting kidney fibrosis.
To generate a unique and contemporary leadership theory reflecting the essence of nursing within a complex health care environment.

As health care faces unprecedented change and increasing complexity, a nursing leadership theory embedded within complexity science is vital for teams to be innovative, nimble and focused on human-centred care.

Constructivist grounded theory framed exploration of human issues embedded in nursing leadership. The constructivist approach sought thematic and theoretical sensitivity through the rich co-creative experience of participants, researchers, literature and data. Focus groups were convened over 18months with 39 nurse leaders from bedside to boardroom.

Constant comparative methods resulted in 15 attributes. Advanced coding positioned the 15 attributes into constructs Awakener, Connector and Upholder. Definitions emerged through the constructivist process organically connecting attributes and constructs to the potential outcomes identified in the theory as cultures of excellence, trust and caring.
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