Notes

Morphine attenuates neurotoxic outcomes of MPTP throughout zebrafish embryos by regulating oxidant/antioxidant stability and also acetylcholinesterase exercise.
Nanoparticles present properties that can be applied to a wide range of fields such as biomedicine, electronics or optics. The type of properties depends on several characteristics, being some of them related with the particle structure. A proper characterization of nanoparticles is crucial since it could affect their applications. To characterize a particle shape and size, the nanotechnologists employ Electron Microscopy (EM) to obtain images of nanoparticles and perform measures over them. This task could be tedious, repetitive and slow, we present a Deep Learning method based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to detect, segment, infer orientations and reconstruct microscope images of nanoparticles. Since machine learning algorithms depend on annotated data and there is a lack of annotated datasets of nanoparticles, our work makes use of artificial datasets of images resembling real nanoparticles photographs.

Our work is divided into three tasks. Firstly, a method to create annotated datasets of aeate a 3D reconstruction of the photographs. The novelty of our approximation lies in the dataset used. Instead of using annotated images, we have created the datasets simulating the microscope images by using basic geometrical objects that imitate real nanoparticles.
We have developed a method for nanoparticle detection and segmentation in microscope images. Moreover, we can also infer an approximation of the 3D orientation of the particles and, in conjunction with the detections, create a 3D reconstruction of the photographs. The novelty of our approximation lies in the dataset used. Instead of using annotated images, we have created the datasets simulating the microscope images by using basic geometrical objects that imitate real nanoparticles.
A Nurse Line (NL) is a resource that is commonly used by patients and hospitals to assist in the triage of patient medical complaints. We sought to determine whether patients with chief complaint of chest pain who presented to the ED after calling a NL were different from patients who presented directly to the ED. The primary aim was to test for differences in the severity of the causes of chest pain between the two groups.

This was a retrospective case-control chart review study. Data collected included demographic data, comorbidities, ED orders, ED interventions, patient primary diagnosis and disposition.

350 patients were included in the analysis 175 patients called the NL and 175 age/sex matched patients did not call the NL. The mean age was 58.3 (SD 16.4; range 19.1-93.3) and 53.7% of patients were female. Race was similar between the groups. Patients were more likely to go directly to the ED without calling a NL if they had comorbidities. Among the total cohort, 36 patients were deemed to have a serious diagnosis related to the pain; this did not differ between groups (16 NL, 20 non-NL; OR=1.11 95%CI 0.55-2.23). There were no differences of ED work-up or hospital admission (50 NL, 67 non-NL; OR=0.85 95%CI 0.51-1.42) between the groups.

NL call was not associated with differences in severity of diagnosis, work-up, hospital admission or patient demographics. Patients who presented to the ED with chest pain without calling a NL had more comorbidities.
NL call was not associated with differences in severity of diagnosis, work-up, hospital admission or patient demographics. Patients who presented to the ED with chest pain without calling a NL had more comorbidities.
We assessed the performance of the ratio of peripheral arterial oxygen saturation to the inspired fraction of oxygen (SpO
/FiO
) to predict the ratio of partial pressure arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO
/FiO
) among patients admitted to our emergency department (ED) during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.

We retrospectively studied patients admitted to an academic-level ED in France who were undergoing a joint measurement of SpO
and arterial blood gas. We compared SpO
with SaO
and evaluated performance of the SpO
/FiO
ratio for the prediction of 300 and 400mmHg PaO
/FiO
cut-off values in COVID-19 positive and negative subgroups using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

During the study period from February to April 2020, a total of 430 arterial samples were analyzed and collected from 395 patients. PI3K inhibitor The area under the ROC curves of the SpO
/FiO
ratio was 0.918 (CI 95% 0.885-0.950) and 0.901 (CI 95% 0.872-0.930) for PaO
/FiO
thresholds of 300 and 400mmHg, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) of an SpO
/FiO
threshold of 350 for PaO
/FiO
inferior to 300mmHg was 0.88 (CI95% 0.84-0.91), whereas the negative predictive value (NPV) of the SpO
/FiO
threshold of 470 for PaO
/FiO
inferior to 400mmHg was 0.89 (CI95% 0.75-0.96). No significant differences were found between the subgroups.

The SpO
/FiO
ratio may be a reliable tool for hypoxemia screening among patients admitted to the ED, particularly during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.
The SpO2/FiO2 ratio may be a reliable tool for hypoxemia screening among patients admitted to the ED, particularly during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.
We hypothesized that resident characteristics impact patterns of patient self-assignment in the emergency department (ED). Our goal was to determine if male residents would be less likely than their female colleagues to see patients with sensitive (e.g. breast-related or gynecologic) chief complaints (CCs). We also investigated whether resident specialty was associated with preferentially choosing patients with more familiar chief complaints.

We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study at a tertiary academic medical center using data from all adult patients presenting to the ED between 2010 and 2019 with one of six CC categories (vaginal bleeding, breast-related concerns, male genitourinary [GU] concerns, gastrointestinal bleeding, epistaxis, and laceration). These CCs were chosen as they each require either an invasive medical exam or procedure, and cannot easily be evaluated with an exam in a hallway bed. We used logistic regression to assess the likelihood of being treated by a male resident compared to a female resident for each CC, adjusting for candidate variables of patient age, race, primary language, ESI score, bed location, time of day, day of week, calendar month, and resident specialty.
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