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Double Priorities: Preserving Technological Rigor along with Personnel Wellbeing in the Midst of the Outbreak.
Thus, the stability of mixed valence Pt(ii),Pt(iv) phosphanide complexes is affected by several concurrent factors, including the chelating effect of the ligands and the type of ligating atoms.We report a new approach to tuning the properties of metal-organic framework nanosheets (MONs) by blending functionalised ligands to produce multivariate MONs (MTV-MONs). This approach enabled not only fine tuning of the MONs properties, but also resulted in MTV-MONs that show enhanced performance compared to their single-ligand counterparts. Layered copper paddle-wheel based MOFs were synthesised incorporating two or more 2,5-difunctionalised-benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate (fu-BDC) ligands. Liquid ultrasonic exfoliation resulted in the formation of nanosheets down to monolayer thickness presenting multiple functional moieties. Blending of ligands with relatively hydrophilic (methoxy-propoxy) and hydrophobic (pentoxy) moieties resulted in MTV-MONs that showed enhanced dispersion in both polar and apolar solvents compared to either single-ligand parent MON as well as intermediary binding properties. Blending of different fu-BDC ligands with different length alkoxy chains (methoxy-pentoxy) allowed incorporation of up to five different ligands within a single MTV-MON, including ligands which do not form this structure individually. This study demonstrates the potential of blending multiple ligands within an MTV-MON to enable fine-tuning of their structure and properties but also create new nanosheets which are more than the sum of their parts.Vascular calcification (VC) is a common pathological manifestation in patients with cardiovascular diseases, leading to high mortality in patients with chronic kidney diseases. The deposition of hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystals on vascular smooth muscle cells leads to cell damage, which promotes osteogenic transformation. In this study, four different molecular weights (MWs ) of Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharides (PYP1, PYP2, PYP3, and PYP4 with MWs of 576, 49.5, 12.6, and 4.02 kDa, respectively) were used to coat HAP, and the differences in toxicity and calcification of HAP on A7R5 cells before and after coating were studied. The results showed that PYPs could effectively reduce HAP damage to the A7R5 cells. Under the protection of PYPs, cell viability increased and lactate dehydrogenase release, active oxygen level, and cell necrosis rate decreased; also, the amount of the HAP crystals adhering to cell surfaces and entering cells decreased. PYPs with low molecular weights presented better protective effects than high-molecular-weight PYPs. Geneticin PYPs also inhibited the osteogenic transformation of the A7R5 cells induced by HAP and decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and expressions of bone/chondrocyte phenotype genes (runt-related factor 2, ALP, osteopontin, and osteocalcin). In the adenine-induced chronic renal failure (CRF) mouse VC model, PYP4 was found to obviously inhibit the aortic calcium level, and it also inhibited the serum creatinine, serum phosphorus and serum BUN levels. PYP4 (least molecular weight) showed the best inhibitory effect on calcification and may be considered as a candidate drug with therapeutic potential for inhibiting cellular damage and osteoblast differentiation induced by the HAP crystals.We investigated the multiferroic properties of a hydrogenated graphene bilayer using first-principles calculations. The proposed material is composed of one fully hydrogenated and one semi-hydrogenated graphene monolayer. Inside the van der Waals gap, hydrogen atoms are only adsorbed on either the top or the bottom layer of graphene, thus breaking the centrosymmetry. The calculated electric polarization is 0.137 × 10-10 C m-1, with the transition barrier of switching the polarization being 393 meV per formula unit. We showed that ferroelectricity can be preserved down to atomic thickness. We also studied the domain wall energy and its migration for various domain wall densities, and our results indicate a robust polarization configuration against room temperature thermal fluctuation. As graphene is known to be able to sustain large strain, we further explored ferroelectricity tuning via strain, and found that the polarization can be effectively tuned up to 20% without perturbing the polarization switching barrier. Our results suggest a realizable multiferroic two-dimensional material using the most used two-dimensional material, graphene.Extracts from fruit processing by-products usually present high amounts of bioactive compounds with several important activities such as antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities. In this work we studied (i) the cytotoxicity profile of pomegranate peel extract and (ii) safety and quality aspects after incorporating this extract in carrot juice - a beverage with low antioxidant potential and highly prone to microbial growth. The extract was obtained by high-pressure extraction and was non-cytotoxic towards the Caco-2 cell line after in vitro digestion. The non-cytotoxic pomegranate peel extract was added to carrot juice in a concentration of 5 mg mL-1. Fortified juices were processed by high-pressure and conventional heat and stored under refrigeration. On the 28th day of storage, microbial counts in PPE-fortified juices were reduced by 1.0 log10 CFU mL-1 and the pressurized juices showed significantly fewer counts than the thermal-treated ones. Just after processing, phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as ABTS and FRAP antioxidant capacities, increased 3.6, 3.5, 8.2, and 9.4-fold, respectively in the fortified juices. The extract addition did not affect any colour parameter and all studied physicochemical parameters i.e. total soluble solids, pH, colour, total phenolics, flavonoids, hydrolysable tannins, and antioxidant capacity remained constant throughout storage. These findings could pave the way towards the development of safe beverages with improved bioactive properties.The stretch-induced structural evolution mechanism is a long-standing scientific question in the post-stretching processing of polymer films. X-ray scattering, especially a combination of small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS), provides a powerful method to study the hierarchical structure of polymer films. Recent advances in synchrotron radiation (SR) light sources and detection techniques allow one to measure the structural evolution of polymer films during post-stretching processing in real time with ultrahigh time resolution, which benefits the understanding on this topic. This review summarizes some recent investigations on post-stretching processing of polymer films, which combine in situ X-ray scattering techniques with purposely designed tensile apparatus in terms of three aspects uniaxial stretching, biaxial stretching and stretching with chemical reactions. Concerning the polymer bulk, traditional deformation mechanisms like stretch-induced crystallization (SIC), crystal slipping, phase transition and melting-recrystallization are discussed for the uniaxial and biaxial post-stretching of polymer films.
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