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HPV infection was significantly associated with a longer survival for oropharyngeal carcinomas. It was not the case for non-oropharyngeal carcinomas. CONCLUSION In this French series with lot of heavy smokers, under half of carcinomas are HPV induced. Clinicopathological features and survival data associated with HPV infection are the same as those classically described in literature. Bilateral renal infarction complicating Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) is extremely rare and has so far been reported only in a handful of cases. We report a 44-year-old man who presented with complaints of abdominal pain and severe hypertension. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed bilateral renal infarction and a renal angiography confirmed the bilateral and irregular stenosis due to FMD, in the absence of systemic vasculitis and other risk factors for thromboembolic events. Therefore, angioplasty with balloon was performed in order to obtain a good vessel patency and to improve patency in the long term follow-up. After the endovascular treatment the blood pressure improved markedly, maintaining this result at 3-months follow-up. Our case highlight the importance of recognizing renal infarction as an initial presentation of FMD. Many papers evaluated the effect of the environmental, or occupational endocrine disruptors (ED), on the thyroid gland, that can lead to thyroid autoimmunity. A higher prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) was observed in people living in polluted areas near to petrochemical plants, and in petrochemical workers, but also in area contaminated with organochlorine pesticides, or with polychlorinated biphenyls, or near aluminum foundries. The exposure to Hg in chloralkali workers, or in swordfish consumers has been also found to increase AITD prevalence. Vanadium has been shown to increase the inflammatory response of thyrocytes. A beneficial effect of omega-3 fatty acids, and of myo-inositol and selenomethionine have been shown to counteract the appearance of AITD in subjects exposed to environmental or occupational ED. More large studies are needed to investigate the potential roles of ED in the induction of AITD, and of agents or habits that are able to prevent them. BACKGROUND Skeletally mature cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with mild curves are generally considered to have a low risk of deterioration. Previous reports have indicated that brace treatment in these cases has a high success rate; however, it is unclear whether brace treatment is necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis progression during one year of follow-up in cases with a Risser sign ≥3, which were not treated with a brace, and to identify risk factors for progression. METHODS This retrospective, single center study included 54 cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis presenting to a university hospital in Japan between 2008 and 2017, with a Risser sign ≥3, which were not treated with brace treatment and had at least 2 years of follow-up data. The primary outcome was adolescent idiopathic scoliosis progression, defined as a deterioration in the Cobb angle of ≥ 6. Statistical analyses were performed to identify patient characteristics that were associated with progression. RESULTS The mean age of the 54 included cases was 14.1 years, and the male to female ratio was 846. Scoliosis progressed in 8 (14.8%) cases within 2 years of follow-up. Female patients with progression were more likely to have recently gone through menarche than those without progression (p less then 0.01). There was a slight statistical difference in age (p less then 0.05), but no significant differences in sex, Risser-sign Stage, initial Cobb angle or main curve between adolescent patients with and without progression. CONCLUSIONS We recommend brace treatment for cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with a Risser sign ≥ 3 who have recently gone through menarche. The aim of this study was to compare pregnancy outcomes after medical (ulipristal acetate [UPA]), surgical (myomectomy) and radiological (uterine artery embolization [UAE] or thermal ablation) therapy for fibroids in women. A systematic review was conducted and ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were thoroughly searched from 2000 to 2018. Only primary research was included with independent extraction of articles by two reviewers, using a standardized form. Data were available on 12 pregnancies after treatment with UPA, 1575 after myomectomy, 424 after UAE and 420 after fibroid ablation. Results after UPA therapy were not included in the statistical analysis owing to the limited number of cases; most were ongoing pregnancies. High rates of successful pregnancy were seen after myomectomy (75.6%) and fibroid ablation (70.5%), whereas pregnancies after UAE had the lowest live birth rates (60.6%) and highest miscarriage rates (27.4%) (both P less then 0.001 versus other treatments). ALW II-41-27 clinical trial In conclusion, myomectomy is associated with better pregnancy outcomes than other fertility-preserving treatments for fibroids. At present, UPA is the only medical treatment for fibroids; however, the evidence on pregnancy outcome is limited. In the absence of randomized controlled trials, these data may be of benefit in advising patients about future pregnancy. BACKGROUND Carcinosarcoma of pancreas is a rare subtype of pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to comprehensively elaborate the clinicopathological and molecular features of this rare malignancy. METHODS Patients who were diagnosed with carcinosarcoma of the pancreas were retrospectively identified from pathology database of a single institution between 2012 and 2018. RESULTS A total of nine patients were identified. Pathological examination of tumor tissues from included patients showed coexisting carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. These two components were distinguished by mutually exclusive expression of cytokeratin and vimentin. The sarcomatous tissue exhibited more extensive proliferation, as revealed by Ki67 staining, and necrosis compared with the carcinomatous counterpart. Genomic analysis of tumor tissues for two patients demonstrated hotspot mutation at KRAS and TP53. Carcinomatous and sarcomatous components were separately obtained via laser captured microdissection in one patient, and mutations of driving genes were highly concordant between them.
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