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This PDQ cancer information summary for health professionals provides comprehensive, peer-reviewed, evidence-based information about the treatment of neuroblastoma. It is intended as a resource to inform and assist clinicians who care for cancer patients. It does not provide formal guidelines or recommendations for making health care decisions. This summary is reviewed regularly and updated as necessary by the PDQ Pediatric Treatment Editorial Board, which is editorially independent of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The summary reflects an independent review of the literature and does not represent a policy statement of NCI or the National Institutes of Health (NIH).This PDQ cancer information summary for health professionals provides comprehensive, peer-reviewed, evidence-based information about the treatment of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma. It is intended as a resource to inform and assist clinicians who care for cancer patients. It does not provide formal guidelines or recommendations for making health care decisions. This summary is reviewed regularly and updated as necessary by the PDQ Pediatric Treatment Editorial Board, which is editorially independent of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The summary reflects an independent review of the literature and does not represent a policy statement of NCI or the National Institutes of Health (NIH).Geo-environmental assessment of activities of auto-mechanics at Alaoji Aba and Elekahia Port Harcourt, both in the Niger Delta region, Southern Nigeria were carried out with the main objective of determining the extent of soil contamination arising from anthropogenic activities within mechanic villages (MVs). Geochemical analysis of soil samples from the study area revealed that the concentrations of the trace metals ranged from Cr, while potential ecological risk index analysis showed values indicating very high risk, considerable risk and a moderate risk to the area under study as well as the surrounding environment. These results suggest that the soils from the MVs which represent the mechanic workshops at Alaoji Aba and Elekahia Port Harcourt are considered to be of pollution concern due to elevated Pb and Cd levels. Hence, there is a serious need to regularly monitor the activities of auto-mechanics in the study area.Background Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are important tools to inform patients, clinicians and policy-makers about clinical need and the effectiveness of any given treatment. Consistent PROM use can promote early symptom detection, help identify unexpected treatment responses and improve therapeutic engagement. Very few studies have examined associations between patient characteristics and PROM data collection. Methods We used the electronic mental health records for 28,382 children and young people (aged 4-17 years) accessing Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) across four South London boroughs between the 1st of January 2008 to the 1st of October 2017. We examined the completion rates of the caregiver Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), a ubiquitous PROM for CAMHS at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Results and conclusions SDQs were present for approximately 40% (n = 11,212) of the sample at baseline, and from these, only 8% (n = 928) had a follow-up SDQ. Bindarit concentration Patterns of unequal PROM collection by sociodemographic factors were identified males were more likely (aOR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.13), whilst older age (aOR 0.87, 95% CI 0.87-0.88), Black (aOR 0.79 95% CI 0.74-0.84) and Asian ethnicity (aOR 0.75 95% CI 0.66-0.86) relative to White ethnicity, and residence within the most deprived neighbourhood (aOR 0.87 95% CI 0.80-0.94) were less likely to have a record of baseline SDQ. Similar results were found in the sub-group (n = 11,212) with follow-up SDQ collection. Our findings indicate systematic differences in the currently available PROMS data and highlights which groups require increased focus if we are to gain equitable PROM collection. We need to ensure representative PROM collection for all individuals accessing treatment, regardless of ethnic or socioeconomic background; biased data have adverse ramifications for policy and service level decision-making.Cationic dendrimers are considered one of the best drug transporters in the body. However, in order to improve their biocompatibility, modification of them is required to reduce toxicity. In this way, many dendrimers may lose their original properties, for example, anticancer. To improve biocompatibility of dendrimers, it is possible to complex them with albumin, as is done very often in drug delivery. However, the interaction of dendrimers with albumin can lead to protein structure disruption or no complexation at all. Therefore, the investigation of the interaction between cationic poly-(propylene imine) dendrimers and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-albumin by fluorescence, circular dichroism, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and transmission electron microscopy was carried out. Results show that cationic dendrimers bind to PEGylated albumin at PEG and albumin surfaces. The obtained results for 5k-PEG indicate a preferential binding of the dendrimers to PEG. For 20k-PEG binding of dendrimers to PEG and protein could induce a collapse of the PEG chain onto the protein surface. This opens up new possibilities to the use of PEGylated albumin as a platform to carry dendrimers without changing the albumin structure and improve the pharmacokinetic properties of dendrimers without further modification.Aims To investigate the influence of different culture media and fermentation conditions on growth performance and viability of three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains with potential as silage inoculants, and to optimize spray-drying in order to enhance survival to dehydration and storage stability. Methods and results In house-formulated MRS was a suitable low-cost culture medium for Lactobacillus plantarum Hv75, Pediococcus acidilactici 3903 and L. buchneri B463. Uncontrolled pH biomass production conferred enhanced stability during storage at 4°C after spray-drying. The use of whey protein concentrate 35 (WPC)-maltodextrin (M) as matrix, inlet temperature of 145-150°C and air flow rate of 601 l h-1 was adequate for the production of dehydrated LAB. According to the desirability function, at this optimized condition, moisture content, yield and solubility were predicted to be 3·96, 73·68 and 90·36% respectively. Those conditions also showed a decrease of 0·855 log CFU per gram after drying, no loss in viability at 4°C for 6 months and 1 log CFU per gram reduction at 25°C.
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