Notes

Kinetic Investigation about Spontaneous Ignition associated with Being forced Hydrogen in Hoses.
INTRODUCTION Despite an effective vaccine, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to impose a large burden of disease globally. Until childhood immunisation achieves high adult population coverage, people who inject drugs (PWID), including prison inmates remain at risk. PWID have a higher prevalence of HBV than the wider population, and lower rates of vaccine-conferred immunity. This study sought to identify the incidence and predictors of HBV transmission and uptake of immunisation in PWID prisoners in Australia. METHODS Longitudinally collected, stored sera from subjects previously enrolled in a prospective study of hepatitis C in recently incarcerated PWID prisoners (n = 590) were serologically tested for HBV. Interviews recording demographic and behavioural risks were analysed. Multivariate statistical analyses were applied to identify associations of incident infection or immunisation. RESULTS Upon imprisonment there were n = 373 (63%) individuals who were HBV susceptible, of whom 140 remained susceptible at the subsequent enrolment into the cohort, and had one or more follow-up visits (a total of 406.73 person years [p.y.]), and so were included in this analysis. There were 7 incident cases of HBV infection (1.7 per 100 p.y.) in this group, with transmission being associated with injecting drug use daily or more often. There were 48 individuals who were successfully immunised (11.8 per 100 p.y.) with younger age and continuous imprisonment predicting this outcome. CONCLUSIONS The Australian prison environment poses a high risk for HBV infection, and also provides an opportunity for immunisation for PWID. selleckchem Further efforts are required to improve coverage and prevent ongoing transmissions. Mucosal surfaces are a unique symbiotic environment between a host and a vast and diverse ecology of microbes. These microbes have great immunomodulatory potential with respect to the host organism. Indeed, the mucosal immune system strikes a delicate balance between tolerance of commensal organisms and overt inflammation to ward off pathogens. Disruptions of the microbial ecology at mucosal surfaces has been described in a vast number of different human disease processes including many forms of arthritis, and the resulting implications are still being understood to their fullest. Herein, we review the current state of knowledge in microbe-host interactions as it relates to the development of arthritis through bacterial translocation, bacterial metabolite production, education of the immune response, and molecular mimicry. OBJECTIVES Speed of thought is a central phenomenon in mood disorders. We aimed to provide an update on the topic ten years after a first narrative review published on racing and crowded thoughts in mood disorders. This update is based on recent publications, including recent works of our group. METHODS Narrative review based on publications from the last ten years including publications of our group and a systematic research of references on PubMed. RESULTS The traditional dichotomist view of racing versus crowded thoughts is not refuted but appears to be more complex, as revealed by validation studies of the Racing and Crowded Thoughts Questionnaire. Moreover, this dualistic view can no longer be conceptualized in a simple bijective concordance with the distinction of hypomania versus mixed depression. We also show that racing/crowded thoughts are strongly associated with mixed depression and not with non-mixed depression, that they tend to be more associated in hypomania to irritability than to the typical symptoms of energy and activity increase and that they are clearly distinguishable from ruminations. Yet, although tightly linked to mood disorders, racing/crowded thoughts appear to be associated to anxiety as well as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and insomnia. CONCLUSIONS Racing and crowded thoughts should be studied in a dimensional perspective as an important facet of mind activity within and beyond the field of mood disorders. INTRODUCTION All plastic surgeons are frequently faced with patients with Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). However, no screening test exists in French to help the plastic surgeons to diagnose this disease. The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ) is the Gold Standard to easily detect BDD in consultation with any non-psychiatric physician. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the BDDQ into French to help plastic surgeons to detect BDD before the surgery. This way, plastic surgeons will be able to provide an optimal medical care and to reduce the risk of psychiatric collapse. METHODS We asked Katherine Philipps for her approval to use her BDDQ for our study, and thereafter we translated it respecting the criteria of the World Health Organization. We first evaluated the psychometric qualities of the BDDQ in French and then its reproducibility and its sensitivity to change. RESULTS A French version of the BDDQ appeared to be reliable and comprehensible. The questionnaire has been tested on a sample of patients in plastic surgery consultation, at a T moment and a T plus one month to certify its reproducibility and its sensitivity to change. CONCLUSION These results permit to claim that the French version of the BDDQ is now validated to detect patients with a BDD in a plastic surgery consultation. BACKGROUND Although psychopathy and its predictive factors are well documented in clinical samples, studies in non-clinical populations are relatively rare. We proposed to assess psychopathy traits in a population of Tunisian university students and to analyze their predictive factors. METHOD This was a cross-sectional study of 516 university students enrolled at three major Tunisian universities (Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Tunis, National Engineering School of Tunis, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis). Participants responded to a survey sheet containing sociodemographic data and the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale. RESULTS The students were female in 63.2 % of the cases, with a mean age of 22.7years. The socio-economic level was middle class in 62.4% of the cases. More than one-quarter of students (26.7%) consumed tobacco. The majority of students (81.4%) spent their free time on the Internet, while 11.8% participated in associative work. Psychopathy scores were relatively high (mean LSRPS scores=64.
Homepage: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cpi-1205.html