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Activation of protein metabolism program in cardiovascular HIF1-alpha-deficient rats.
Known techniques for modification of polypropylene membranes (PPm) often require modification of the membrane in its entire volume (i.e. at the manufacturing stage), which may affect its properties. In the present work, the authors proposed a simple method for PPm hydrophilization. The process involves a two-step Fenton-type reaction, with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinking agent and cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) as a source of free radicals. This hydrogel coating aims to enhance membrane hemocompatible and biocompatible properties. The biggest advantage of the proposed technique is the change of materials' surface properties, without interfering with its internal structure. Microscopic (SEM) and spectroscopic (FTIR-ATR) analyses confirmed the presence of hydrogel coating on PPm surfaces. Additionally, the evaluation of the surface density of the coating showed that the thickness of the coating increases with the reaction time and CHP concentration. The applied coatings significantly increase surface hydrophilicity (contact angle for PPm 128.58° ± 0.52°, for all modified surfaces less then 53.31° ± 2.03°). The cytotoxicity test (XTT assay) proved biocompatibility of the PVP coating - cell viability remained above 90% for all variants tested. The modification resulted in a decrease in fibrinogen adsorption (of at least about 16%) and in a number of surface-adhered platelets. The assay evaluating the amount of secreted cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1) showed a significant reduction (of at least about 50%) in the expression of ICAM-1 for all hydrogel-modified surfaces.In this study, fabrication of a three-dimensional porous scaffold was performed using freeze gelation method. Recently, fabrication of scaffolds using polymer blends has become common for many tissue engineering applications due to their unique tunable properties. In this work, we fabricated alginate-gelatin porous hydrogels for wound healing application using a new method based on some modifications to the freeze-gelation method. Alginate and gelatin were mixed in three different ratios and the resulting solutions underwent freeze gelation to obtain 3D porous matrices. We analyzed the samples using different characterization tests. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that the freeze gelation method was successful in obtaining porous morphologies for all the fabricated alginate-gelatin samples as previously was seen in single-polymer fabrication using this method. The alginate to gelatin ratio affected swelling, biodegradation, cell culture and mechanical properties of the matrices. The scaffold with the lowest content of gelatin had the highest swelling ratio while biodegradation and cell proliferation and viability were increased with the gelatin content. Regarding the mechanical properties, as the gelatin content increased, the scaffold became more ductile and showed higher tensile strength. The in-vivo results also showed the biocompatibility of the blend scaffold and its positive role in wound healing process in rats. The low-cost procedure used in this study to fabricate the porous alginate-gelatin scaffolds can be adapted and modified to suit different tissue engineering applications.A thermo-responsive injectable bioactive glass (BAG) that has the ability to set at body temperature was prepared using pluronic F127 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as the carrier. The injectable composite has the advantage to fill irregular shape implantation sites and quick setting at body temperature. The structural and morphological analysis of injectable BAG before and after setting was done by using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The effect of an ultrasonic scaler for a quick setting of injectable BAG was also investigated. The ultrasonic scaler sets the BAG formulation three-folds faster than at body temperature and homogenized the dispersion. The in vitro bio-adhesion was studied in the bovine tooth in both artificial saliva and deionized water for periodic time intervals, i.e., day 7, 30, 90, and 180, which confirmed the apatite layer formation. Capsazepine The mineral density analysis was used to differentiate the newly formed apatite with tooth apatite. In the MTT assay, the experimental material showed continuous proliferation and cell growth. This indicated that injectable hydrogel promoted cell growth, facilitated proliferation, and had no cytotoxic effect. The SEM and micro-CT results (performed after in vitro bioactivity testing) showed that the injectable BAG had the ability to regenerate dentin, hence this material has the potential to be used for dental and biomedical applications including tooth and bone regeneration in minimally invasive procedures in future.Pathogenic bacterial infections associated with wound healing progress usually result in serious complications. Herein, biocompatible and antimicrobial electrospun nanofibrous mats with photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect were fabricated to accelerate the infected wound healing. The nanofibrous mats were fabricated by co-electrospining of polyanionic poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) and cationic photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin tetra (p-toluenesulfonate) (TMPyP) in aqueous solution and stabilized by the chemical crosslinking. The as-prepared nanofibrous mats can not only confer the moist microenvironment to the wound bed, but also provide potent bactericidal activity upon visible light irradiation by releasing the cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). The antibacterial assay in vitro showed that they can effectively eradicate the board-spectrum bacteria at a relatively low loading dose of TMPyP (e.g., 0.1 wt%). Meanwhile, those nanofibrous mats showed good biocompatibility with no obvious adverse effects on mammalian cells and red blood cells (RBCs). The animal test in vivo suggested that the restrained inflammatory reaction and better wound healing could be achieved upon timely and effective antibacterial treatment with negligible local toxicities. This biocompatible and antibacterial γ-PGA-TMPyP nanofibrous mat may show great potential in practical infection-resistant applications, particularly for wound dressing applications.
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