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Problems along with possibilities inside sustainable control over microplastics and nanoplastics inside the surroundings.
In the late 2019, coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV 2) infection emerged in Wuhan, China and spread to all countries making the first pandemic in 21st century. It seems that this infection will continue period which is long enough to obligate modifications in both life style and health care systems. Because chronic liver diseases (CLD) are prevalent all over the world, it is expected to manage patients with CLD and COVID-19. The aim of this review was to shade the light on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the management of patients with CLD and how to give medical care to CLD patients during COVID-19 pandemic.The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was announced as a pandemic in March 2020. Different diagnostic laboratory tests have been used to detect the infection. Each diagnostic tool, such as Chest Computed tomography (CT) imaging, genome sequencing, nucleic acid amplification methods, whole genome sequencing, microarray, and serology testing have several advantages and disadvantages. Nucleic acid amplification methods are better diagnostic tools for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in early stages of the infection, while serological tests are more appropriate for the recognition of previously infected patients. In this review, we will briefly consider each diagnostic method, and discuss its pros and cons.
Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a ubiquitous organism rarely associated with human diseases, but its association especially among hospitalized premature neonates and immunocompromised individuals are not so common.

We report two cases of neonatal bacteraemia and meningitis among low birth weight premature neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) by E. meningoseptica, a high alert organism associated with such conditions.

E. meningoseptica, a high alert organism associated with meningitis among premature underweight neonates. High degree of resistant to most of the broad-spectrum antibiotics makes its management a challenging task. A good communication between the clinician and the microbiologist becomes very important for the proper management of the patients.
E. meningoseptica, a high alert organism associated with meningitis among premature underweight neonates. High degree of resistant to most of the broad-spectrum antibiotics makes its management a challenging task. A good communication between the clinician and the microbiologist becomes very important for the proper management of the patients.
H1N1 is known to cause periodic seasonal flu in the Indian subcontinent since 2009. The clinical course and the underlying immunity of the host contribute to the development of secondary bacterial infections in the infected patients.

This study aims at analyzing the secondary bacterial infections in confirmed H1N1 cases admitted in our hospital (from 2015 to 2018) with respect to the comorbidities, complications, associated bacteria with its antibiotic susceptibility pattern and the outcome of such episodes.

Data of 164 patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital with H1N1 was extracted from medical records using a semi-structured case report form. Data was entered and analyzed with SPSS version 17. A p value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Most patients were aged above 40 years with female preponderance. In our study 42% of patients had comorbidities. Only 14 (8.53%) had secondary bacterial infection confirmed by culture. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii were the most common bacteria that were isolated. They were treated based on the culture reports. There was no mortality in patients with secondary bacterial infection.

The early start of the antiviral agents and adherence to the antibiotic policy of the hospital contributed to lower secondary bacterial infections and zero mortality.
The early start of the antiviral agents and adherence to the antibiotic policy of the hospital contributed to lower secondary bacterial infections and zero mortality.Background &Aims The utility of ultrasound and color Doppler in diagnosis and assessment of the activity of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is not studied enough. So, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the value of conventional abdominal ultrasound and color Doppler in the diagnosis of IBD and assessing disease activity.
The study was conducted in National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research institute (NHTMRI) in the period between July, 2018 and January, 2019; where 150 patients suffering from diarrhea, dysentery, tenesmus or bleeding per rectum were evaluated by colonoscopy, high resolution ultrasonography and color Doppler scanning.

The present study was conducted on 150 patients, where 84 (56%) had Ulcerative colitis (UC) disease, 16 (10.7%) were Crohn's disease (CD) and 50 (33.3%) had normal colonosopic findings with their mean age was (37.2±9.059). The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) was significantly higher in both UC and CD than the control group; however, pulsatility index (PI) was significantly higher in the control group than both UC and CD however there was no significant difference between UC and CD. The inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) PSV and EDV was significantly higher in both UC and CD than the control group.

Doppler sonographic findings of SMA and IMA correlate with the incidence of IBD and their site of affection and their activity.
Doppler sonographic findings of SMA and IMA correlate with the incidence of IBD and their site of affection and their activity.
Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare histopathological type of soft tissue sarcoma. They are subcutaneous soft tissue masses that tend to arise in extremity sites (the classic type, formerly referred to as distal type) or proximal midline region of the body (the proximal type), such as the perineum, genital tract, and pelvis. The head and neck regions are rarely affected by ES, but the infratemporal fossa (ITF) is extremely rare. iFSP1 cell line ES involving the ITF has not been reported before in literature. In this paper, the imaging features of ES were reviewed in detail, and the anatomical structure and epidemiology of ITF were briefly introduced.

We performed a systematic search from 3 databases, CNKI(China National Knowledge Internet), FMRS(Foreign Medical Literature Retrieval Service, Shenzhen METSTR Technology CO., Led. China), and PubMed, to obtain literature from January 1970 to July 2020. Epithelioid sarcoma, head and neck regions, infratemporal fossa, diagnostic imaging, anatomy, MRI, and CT were used as keywords for advanced retrieval.
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