Notes

Treatments for dull disturbing stomach wall membrane hernias: A new Developed Trauma Affiliation multicenter review.
It has been widely suggested that the association of hypoxia with the immune status within the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of great clinical significance. The present work was carried out aiming to establish the hypoxia-related and immune-associated gene signature to stratify the risks in HCC.

The ssGSEA and t-SNE algorithms were utilized to estimate the immune and hypoxia statuses, respectively, using the TCGA database-derived cohort transcriptome profiles. Different immune groups are distinguished according to the ssGSEA scores, while the hypoxia-high and -low groups are inferred based on the distinct overall survival (OS) of the two groups of patients. Moreover, prognostic genes were identified using the Cox regression model in combination with the LASSO approach, which were later used to establish the hypoxia-related and immune-associated gene signature. click here At the same time, an ICGC cohort was used for external validation.

A total of 13 genes, namely,
and
, were discovered by the LASSO approach for constructing a gene signature to stratify the risk of HCC. Those low-risk cases showed superior prognosis (OS) to the high-risk counterparts (p<0.05). Moreover, it was suggested by multivariate analysis that our constructed hypoxia-related and immune-associated prognosis signature might be used as the independent factor for prognosis prediction (p<0.001). Patients in high-risk groups had severe hypoxia, higher immune checkpoint expression such as PD-L1, and different immunocyte infiltration states (eg, higher infiltration of regulatory T cells in the high-risk group) compared with those low-risk patients.

Our as-constructed hypoxia-related and immune-associated prognosis signature can be used as an approach to stratify the risk of HCC.
Our as-constructed hypoxia-related and immune-associated prognosis signature can be used as an approach to stratify the risk of HCC.
Non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosing and prognosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are urgently needed. Cirrhosis is present in 80-90% of HCC patients. Cirrhosis is characterized by deposition and cross-linking of collagens that have crucial roles in HCC initiation and progression. We evaluated circulating cross-linked pro-peptides of type III collagen (PC3X) as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC.

PC3X was measured by ELISA in plasma from patients with HCC (n=79), cirrhosis (n=86), non-cirrhotic hepatitis-B infection (n=74) and from healthy controls (n=44). PC3X was compared to the liver fibrosis marker PRO-C3 and the HCC tumor-cell derived marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Diagnostic and prognostic potential was evaluated by AUROC and by calculating hazard ratios (HR) for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

PC3X, PRO-C3 and AFP were significantly elevated in patients with HCC compared to other liver diseases and healthy controls (
=0.0002,
0.0001). In patients with normal AFP (<20 IU/mL), PC3X and PRO-C3 separated HCC from cirrhosis with an AUROC of 0.72 and 0.68, respectively. High PC3X and AFP predicted for poor PFS (HR
=1.80,
=0.032; HR
=1.70,
=0.031) and OS (HR
=2.12,
=0.024; HR
=2.55;
=0.003), whereas PRO-C3 did not (PFS HR=1.19,
=0.059 and OS HR=1.12,
=0.324). PC3X was independent of AFP (PFS HR=1.74,
=0.045 and OS HR=2.21,
=0.018) and combining the two improved prognostic value (PFS HR=2.66,
=0.004 and OS HR=5.86,
<0.0001).

PC3X is associated with HCC independent of AFP and provides diagnostic and prognostic value for HCC patients. If validated, this suggests that PC3X has biomarker potential for HCC.
PC3X is associated with HCC independent of AFP and provides diagnostic and prognostic value for HCC patients. If validated, this suggests that PC3X has biomarker potential for HCC.Pyeloplasty is considered the gold standard for the management of ureteropelvic junction obstruction in cases of flank pain, recurrent stone formation or infection, and deteriorating renal function. Over the last two decades, minimally invasive techniques such as robotic (RALP) and laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP) have become increasingly popular and have been moderately replacing the open approach. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive up-to-date review on safety, efficacy and outcomes regarding robotic repair of UPJO compared to the conventional laparoscopic procedure. RALP represents a viable and innovative alternative to conventional LP with a comparable success and complication rate both in adult and in paediatric fields. The robotic approach seems to add further technical advantages when compared to conventional LP but sustains a higher costs. Currently, the choice to adopt one of the different minimally invasive approaches depends on the surgeon's preference or experience, and on institutional availability.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic, inflammatory skin condition. The pathogenesis of AD involves many cytokines that utilize the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling cascade; therefore, JAK inhibitors may be used in the treatment of AD. This review aims to evaluate the pathophysiology, efficacy, and safety of JAK inhibitors and their emerging role as a therapeutic option for patients with AD.

A PubMed search of Phase I, II, and III clinical trials was conducted for relevant literature published between January 2015 and June 2020 utilizing the key terms JAK inhibitors, atopic dermatitis, efficacy, safety, and treatment. The search was subsequently expanded to include additional terms.

In multiple Phase II and III clinical trials, JAK inhibitors were more efficacious than placebo or vehicle controls and slightly more efficacious in direct comparisons to corticosteroids. Overall, JAK inhibitors have a moderate safety profile for use in AD. Some of the mwith AD.
Clinical evidence of the radiation-enhancing effects of nanoparticles has emerged.

We searched the literature in English and French on PubMed up to October 2019. The search term was "nanoparticle" AND "radiotherapy", yielding 1270 results.

The two main NP used in clinical trials were hafnium oxide and gadolinium involving a total of 229 patients. Hafnium oxide NP were used in three phase 1/2 trials on sarcoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma or liver cancer and one phase 2/3 trial. There are six ongoing phase 1/2 clinical trials to evaluate the combination of gadolinium-based NP and RT for the treatment of brain metastases and cervical cancer.

So far, intratumoral hafnium oxide nanoparticles were safe and improved efficacy in locally advanced sarcoma.
So far, intratumoral hafnium oxide nanoparticles were safe and improved efficacy in locally advanced sarcoma.
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