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[Muscle Relaxant As well as Reversal Practices And Impact Involving Letting go Strategies About Operating Room And also Postoperative Room Duration : Outcomes of Any Delphi Study].
OBJECTIVE We assessed the role of home visits by Shasthya Shebika (SS) - female volunteer community health workers (CHWs) - in improving the distribution of micronutrient powder (MNP), and explored the independent effects of caregiver-provider interaction on coverage variables. DESIGN We used data from three cross-sectional surveys undertaken at baseline (n 1927), midline (n 1924) and endline (n 1540) as part of an evaluation of a home fortification programme. We defined an exposure group as one that had at least one SS visit to the caregiver's household in the 12 months preceding the survey considering three outcome variables - message (ever heard), contact (ever used) and effective coverage (regular used) of MNP. We performed multiple logistic regressions to explore the determinants of coverage, employed an 'interaction term' and calculated an odds ratio (OR) to assess the modifying effect of SS's home visits on coverage. SETTINGS Sixty-eight sub-districts from ten districts of Bangladesh. PARTICIPANTS Children aged 6-59 months and their caregivers. RESULTS A home visit from an SS positively impacts message coverage at both midline (ratio of OR 1·70; 95 % CI 1·25, 2·32; P less then 0·01) and endline (ratio of OR 3·58; 95 % CI 2·22, 5·78; P less then 0·001), and contact coverage both at midline (ratio of OR 1·48; 95 % CI 1·06, 2·07; P = 0·021) and endline (ratio of OR 1·74; 95 % CI 1·23, 2·47; P = 0·002). There was no significant effect of a SS's home visit on effective coverage. CONCLUSIONS The households visited by BRAC's volunteer CHWs have better message and contact coverage among the children aged 6-59 months.OBJECTIVE Evidence on the relationship between maternal Hb concentration and spontaneous abortion (SA) risk is limited and conflicting. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether maternal preconception anaemia or high Hb concentration is associated with risk of SA. DESIGN A population-based cohort study established between 2013 and 2017. SETTINGS Local maternal and child care service centres in each county. PARTICIPANTS In total, 3 971 428 women aged 20-49 years, who participated in National Free Pre-Pregnancy Checkups Project from 2013 to 2016 and successfully got pregnant before 2017 in rural China. RESULTS A total of 101 700 (2·56 %) women were recorded having SA, with highest SA rate in women with severe anaemia (4·58 %). Compared with women with Hb of 110-149 g/l, the multivariable-adjusted OR for SA was 1·52 (95 % CI 1·25, 1·86) for women with Hb less then 70 g/l, 0·92 (0·84, 1·01) for 70-99 g/l, 0·80 (0·77, 0·83) for 100-109 g/l, 1·11 (1·08, 1·15) for 150-159 g/l, 1·12 (1·04, 1·20) for 160-169 g/l and 1·02 (0·93, 1·12) for ≥ 170 g/l, respectively. An approximate U-shaped curve for the risk of SA with Hb concentrations was observed when Hb concentrations less than 145 g/l, above which the association plateaued (Pnon-linear less then 0·001). CONCLUSIONS Severe anaemia and high Hb concentration before pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of SA. Women with mild anaemia prior to pregnancy had lower risk of SA. Underlying mechanisms need to be further studied.OBJECTIVE To examine the association of all forms of malnutrition and socioeconomic status (SES), educational level and ethnicity in children less then 5 years, non-pregnant adolescent women (11-19 years) and non-pregnant adult women (20-49 years) in Colombia. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2010 Colombian National Nutrition Survey. The prevalence of malnutrition was compared across categories of SES, educational level and ethnicity. SETTING Colombia. PARTICIPANTS The sample for the current analysis comprised children less then 5 years, non-pregnant adolescent women (11-19 years) and non-pregnant adult women (20-49 years). RESULTS In children less then 5 years, a low SES and maternal educational level were significantly associated with a lower prevalence of overweight/obesity compared with high levels of SES and maternal education, that is, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 1·4 and 1·6 times lower in categories of low SES and educational levels, respectively. In contrast, the prevalence of wasting, stunting and anaemia was higher in the lowest SES and maternal educational categories (the prevalence was between 1·1 and 1·8 times higher for these indicators). In women, the lowest SES (11 and 19 years) and educational levels (20 and 49 years) exhibited a higher prevalence in all forms of malnutrition compared with their counterparts in the highest categories (i.e. overweight/obesity, stunting and anaemia). Additionally, indigenous or Afro-Colombian children and women had the highest prevalence of malnutrition in comparison with other ethnicities. click here CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that public policies should address all forms of malnutrition that occur in the most vulnerable populations in Colombia using multiple strategies.Unroofed coronary sinus syndrome complicated by coronary sinus orifice atresia is a rare congenital anomaly. There are two alternate exits for coronary venous return unroofed coronary sinus and persistent left superior caval vein. The coronary venous direction could be bidirectional depending on the pressure balance between the left atrium and the systemic vein. This anomaly has the risk of heart failure, paradoxical embolism, and cyanosis.Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio has been associated with clinical outcomes in several groups of cardiac patients, including patients with coronary artery disease, cardiac failure, and cardiac transplant recipients. We hypothesised that pre- and/or post-operative haematological cell counts are associated with clinical outcomes in children undergoing cardiac surgery for CHD. We performed a post hoc analysis of data collected as part of a prospective observational cohort study (n = 83, data available n = 47) of children evaluated for glucocorticoid receptor levels after cardiac surgery (July 2015-January 2016). The association of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio with low cardiac output syndrome, time to inotrope free, and vasoactive-inotropic score was examined using proportional odds analysis, cox regression, and linear regression models, respectively. A majority (80%) of patients were infants (median/interquartile range 4.1/0.2-7.6 months) with conotruncal (36%) and left-sided obstructed lesions (28%). Two patients required mechanical circulatory support and three died.
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