Notes

Performance of water fluoridation in the higher middle-income nation: systematic review and meta-analysis.
In the present study, the discrepancy of TFAs in the experimentally measured values with TL food labelling was observed in more than 80% of Iranian traditional sweets. Most of the samples contained less than 2% of TFAs that is defined as a limit in Iran Food and Drug Administration (IFDA). These findings could be alarming for the consumers of this kind of products.
In the present study, the discrepancy of TFAs in the experimentally measured values with TL food labelling was observed in more than 80% of Iranian traditional sweets. find more Most of the samples contained less than 2% of TFAs that is defined as a limit in Iran Food and Drug Administration (IFDA). These findings could be alarming for the consumers of this kind of products.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) will be responsible for almost 70% of all deaths in 2020. Therefore, knowledge production to find suitable ways to prevent, diagnosis, and effectively cover this disease in research centers is mandatory. Therefore, the present study is carried out with the aim to examine the results of studies performed in three years in Iranian cardiovascular centers.

Iranian cardiovascular research centers with more than three years of activity from 2015 to 2017 were evaluated. Research output, international collaboration, high quality publication, total citation, and average h-index (H) were evaluated and scored.

23 cardiovascular diseases research centers (CVDRCs) related to 15 universities of Medical Sciences (UMSs) were evaluated. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of age of the research activities in CVDRCs was 11.47 ± 8.60 years. Based on the research ranking, the first three centers were Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Iran, Tehran Heart Center, and Shaheed Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran, respectively, all of which have independent budget line. However, there is not any CVD research center in some provinces such as Zanjan, Kurdistan, Lorestan, and Arak, Iran.

Mission oriented research activities in Iranian cardiovascular research centers may be effective in reducing the burden of CVDs. Moreover, establishment of CVD research centers in high risk areas may be useful.
Mission oriented research activities in Iranian cardiovascular research centers may be effective in reducing the burden of CVDs. Moreover, establishment of CVD research centers in high risk areas may be useful.
Hypertension (HTN) is a public concern and treatment adherence has a key role in its management. This study was conducted to develop and test the reliability and validity of the Hypertensive Treatment Adherence scale (HTA-scale).

This was a cross-sectional and methodological study. After item generation using a qualitative study and literature review, the scale was developed. The psychometric properties of the scale were evaluated using face, content, construct, and criterion validity and reliability.

Data analysis showed that the HTA-scale had acceptable face and content validity. The scale had excellent stability [Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.74] and good acceptability and internal consistency (Cronbach's a = 0.76). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) showed that the HTA-scale consisted of 6 meaningful subscales including medication adherence and monitoring, adherence to safe diets, avoiding unsafe diets, self-medication, activity, and smoking. Participants in the controlled blood pressure group had significantly higher HTA-scale scores than the uncontrolled blood pressure group. At the cut-off point of 86, the scale had significant sensitivity and specificity.

All of the psychometric properties of the HTA-scale achieved the standard level and were sufficient to recommend this scale for patients with HTN.
All of the psychometric properties of the HTA-scale achieved the standard level and were sufficient to recommend this scale for patients with HTN.
Resistin and oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD) including acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of serum resistin and prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) in ACS occurrence in order to differentiate it from stable angina. Moreover, we aimed to determine the correlation between resistin and PAB in patients with ACS and its difference from patients with stable CHD.

This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 50 patients with ACS and 50 patients with stable CHD who underwent coronary angiography (CAG). Serum resistin level was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). PAB and other variables were analyzed using standard methods.

A significant increase in serum resistin and PAB was observed in patients with ACS (2.55 ± 0.13 ng/ml and 123.5 ± 5.58 HK unit, respectively) compared to patients with stable CHD (1.53 ± 0.12 ng/ml and 95.9 ± 2.7 HK unit, respectively) (P < 0.001). In addition, a significant positive correlation was seen between serum resistin and PAB in patients with ACS (r = 0.39; P = 0.005), but this correlation was not found in patients with stable CHD (r = 0.21; P = 0.140). Resistin (r = 0.52; P < 0.001) and PAB (r = 0.55; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with ACS, but this association was not found in patients with stable CHD (resistin r = 0.24; P = 0.090; PAB r = -0.02 P = 0.910).

High serum resistin or PAB levels, and their association with the occurrence of ACS, can be used as a robust discriminating factor to differentiate ACS from stable CHD.
High serum resistin or PAB levels, and their association with the occurrence of ACS, can be used as a robust discriminating factor to differentiate ACS from stable CHD.Azo dyes commonly used in various industries have a stable and toxic structure. Wastewater containing AY17 dye as a model contaminant was investigated in terms of color and COD removal by both adsorption and persulfate oxidation activated with the PAC. In this study, the effects of temperature (25-50 °C), pH (3-10), persulfate concentration (1000-4000 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (0.1-0.5 g), reaction time (5-60 min), dye concentration (300-1000 mg/L) and NaCI concentration (0-1000 mg/L) on both color and COD removals from wastewater containing AY17 dye were examined. As a result of the study, it was seen that the dosage of adsorbent, pH and reaction time are important parameters in both systems. The use of the PAC as an adsorbent caused to shortening of the reaction time in the HPS system. It also showed that acidic and neutral pH values are more suitable for the removal of AY17 with both systems. Color and COD removal were determined as 100-88.4% and 100-96.6%, respectively, at optimum values obtained for the adsorption and HPS system.
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