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Attention Deficit Disorder in Adults
Attention deficit disorder in adults can be difficult to diagnose and treat. Therapists can help by examining the symptoms and their causes, teaching the patient how to structure their lives, make behavioural modifications and provide medication if needed.
People with ADD/ADHD have problems with hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. Symptoms may include problems with memory loss, trouble waiting for their turn, and difficulties concentrating on tasks or playing games.
Inattentive Type Symptoms
This subtype of ADHD is characterized by a high degree of distraction and difficulty paying attention to the smallest details. Adults who are inattentive ADHD have difficulty completing tasks or projects that require sustained mental effort, like reading and writing. They may have difficulty remembering appointments or paying bills and are prone to making careless mistakes in their work or home life.
While the symptoms of inattentive ADHD may have first appeared during childhood, they tend to go undiagnosed because adults are expected to manage their impulsive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms on their own. This means that their problems may persist throughout their adult lives, and may cause issues with relationships, school performance and career advancement.
Symptoms of inattentive ADHD include frequent fidgeting with hands and feet, difficulty playing or engaging in leisure activities at a relaxed pace as well as difficulty waiting for their turn and answering questions in a hurry before they are answered. They also have trouble staying well-organized at home and at work and are often late for classes or meetings. Inattention ADHD sufferers often have trouble staying focused at work or school. They dislike boring meetings and prefer to chew gum or drink coffee to help them through.
A health professional will evaluate a patient to determine if they have any medical or mental illnesses that may cause similar symptoms. Then, they'll analyze their behavior in order to determine if the person is suffering from ADD. You can inquire about the person's behavior under various situations by talking to their parents, teachers, and co-workers. The health professional will also ask about the person's mood and recent medical history.
Most commonly, psychostimulants are used to enhance alertness and streamline brain signals. These include amphetamines such as Adderall, Ritalin and Concerta and methylphenidates such as Strattera (atomoxetine) and Qelbree (viloxazine). Antidepressants that alter neurotransmitters inside the brain are often prescribed to those with inattentive ADHD in order to improve their mood and concentration. Wellbutrin (bupropion) and Effexor, (venlafaxine) are two examples. Other drugs that are not stimulants are also available. These are less likely to cause side effects and include guanfacine (Intuniv), bupropion/atomoxetine, and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors such as Strattera.
Symptoms of Hyperactive/Impulsive Type
People with the hyperactive/impulsive type of ADHD struggle to sit still and remain focused. This symptom makes it difficult for them to concentrate on their work or schoolwork and may result in careless errors. In addition, they typically have trouble following instructions or performing complex tasks. They also struggle to stay focused when playing games or engaging in activities of leisure with others. They often interrupt or interfere on other people during conversations or games and are eagerly awaiting their turn. They might fiddle with their hands or feet or squirm in their seats or walk around while talking or listening.
Children with the hyperactive/impulsive type of ADD often have trouble waiting for their turn to speak or play, and they may blurt out their answers before other people have finished speaking. They struggle with self-control and can often be constantly on the move and are unable to slow down or slow down, even if they're at organized events like fairs or theme parks. They may have trouble organizing tasks, working on projects over a long period of time, or working on routine tasks or assignments.
They often have a poor sense of personal responsibility and may have difficulties creating and maintaining relationships. They may also have issues managing their emotions, which can cause mood swings and depression. They may also have difficulty managing their finances and time which could make them more vulnerable to financial scams and other fraudulent activities.
Many people with ADHD are not diagnosed until they reach adulthood when their symptoms become more obvious. As children, they might have been overlooked by teachers or other adults who weren't aware of their problems. They may have adapted to cope with their symptoms and thrived in a supportive environment until they encountered the pressures of working or raising a family, when their problems became more evident. In the early years, the male-to-female* ADHD ratio is higher. However it is more even when they reach adulthood.
Certain supplements in the diet can help reduce irritability in people with ADHD. These include GABA, taurine, GABA fish oil and Brain Vitale. Stress management techniques such as deep breathing and regular exercise can be beneficial. They must discuss with their physician all treatments options, including stimulants (Strattera) and non-stimulants (Viloxazine) (Qelbree), and antidepressants (Wellbutrin).
Mixed Type Signs and symptoms
People with combined type ADHD exhibit symptoms of both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive presentations. They have difficulty staying focused on tasks that require mental effort for a long time or making things stick in their mind, such as schoolwork or chores, homework or work. They tend to make careless mistakes in school, at work and even in their personal life. These issues with attention and impulse can cause stress and cause difficulties in relationships.
The signs of this condition are varied in severity and appear at various stages of life. They can be characterized by daydreaming and being easily distracted from their thoughts, which can cause forgetfulness; a tendency to lose things, such as keys or homework; and difficulties following through on their tasks. They also struggle to stay still and may interrupt or take over games or other activities.
A person with a mixed presentation of ADHD may find that certain medications help and others don't, so it's best to try one each time and analyze the outcomes carefully. Adults who have this presentation and have been taking medications since the age of a teenager should be able to review their treatment every 6 months, and especially after any lifestyle changes that may alter the dosage of medication required.
It is important to keep in mind that ADD or ADHD doesn't affect race, ethnicity, or gender, although it may affect more people who are assigned a male at birth (AMAB). The diagnosis is typically made when adults present with many of the common symptoms across a variety of aspects of their lives but are unable to explain them in a satisfactory manner.
There are many ways to treat and manage ADD in adults, such as behavior therapy, lifestyle modifications, and medication. A combination of treatments is usually the best option, and medication can be prescribed in various forms, such as methylphenidate (Ritalin), dextroamphetamine/amphetamine salts (Adderall), lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse), and atomoxetine (Strattera). These medications assist in increasing concentration by increasing the availability of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. Non-stimulants can also be used by adults who do not wish to take stimulants, or only require them in a lower dose.
Symptoms of Combined Type
For people with combined type ADHD, the symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity appear together. Inattention symptoms can be apparent as a struggle to sit still, forgetfulness or difficulty finishing tasks, while hyperactivity and impulsivity can show up as restlessness, fidgeting and squirming. They may also be able to blurt out answers without waiting for a complete question. They find it hard to stay in line or follow instructions. This can result in frustration and a tendency to break the rules.
Adults who have a combination of ADHD symptoms usually have trouble understanding the social boundaries of the context of a particular situation and can cause them to interfere with conversations or activities. They do this without thinking about how others may feel. ADHD symptoms in adults quiz are more likely to have a hard working with organizational strategies and tend to be overwhelmed by large-scale projects. In many cases, people who exhibit this ADHD presentation are also prone to depression or other mood disorders.
Getting a proper diagnosis of ADHD is essential to determine the most effective treatment strategy. Many adults suffering from ADHD are reluctant to seek help. However the diagnosis can empower them and give them the tools to manage their symptoms.
To receive a diagnosis, doctors must identify at least six symptoms of inattention and at least five symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity to a degree that interferes with daily functioning. These symptoms must have been present prior to the age of 12 and persist for at least six months to be considered ADHD. Additionally the symptoms have to be severe enough to reduce the person's performance at work, school or at home.
Experts don't fully understand why ADHD occurs but they do know that it can be genetic and that certain genes increase the likelihood of developing the disorder. They also recognize that brain chemistry and variations in the structure of the brain can play a role, and that some people have the disorder despite not having a family history.
There are various behavioral treatments for adult ADHD, including structured routines and organizational strategies, talk therapy (Cognitive-behavioral therapy or Acceptance and Commitment Therapy), exercise and healthy sleep habits. In many instances, these therapies can be more effective than medications.
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