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Isomeric consequences for the acid involving Al13 Keggin clusters inside porous ionic crystals.
Background and Purpose Determining the occlusion mechanism before endovascular treatment (EVT) is of great significance for acute large vessel occlusion patients. We aimed to develop and validate a simple pre-EVT scale with readily available variables for predicting in situ atherosclerotic thrombosis (ISAT) in acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion (VBAO) patients. Materials and Methods Consecutive patients were retrieved from Nanjing Stroke Registry Program between January 2014 and December 2019 as a derivation cohort. Anonymous data of consecutive patients between January 2014 and December 2019 were collected from another comprehensive stroke center as an external validation cohort. Demographics, medical histories, and clinical characteristics were collected. ISAT was defined according to the following criteria (a) detection of moderate to severe (≥50%) stenosis or stenosis with significant distal flow impairment at the occluded segment when successful reperfusion was achieved; (b) transient visualization onsion, atrial fibrillation rhythm, and dichotomous serum glucose level had a promising predictive value for ISAT before EVT in acute VBAO patients.The present study describes the electroencephalographic changes that occur during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in animals submitted to transient focal cerebral ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 30 min. For this, male Wistar rats were divided into two groups (n = 6 animals/group) (1) sham (control) group, and (2) ischemic/reperfusion group. The quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) was recorded during the ischemic and immediate reperfusion (acute) phases, and then once a day for 7 days after the MCAO (subacute phase). The acute phase was characterized by a marked increase in the relative delta wave band power (p less then 0.001), with a smaller, but significant increase in the relative alpha wave bandpower in the ischemic stroke phase, in comparison with the control group (p = 0.0054). In the immediate reperfusion phase, however, there was an increase in the theta, alpha, and beta waves bandpower (p less then 0.001), but no alteration in the delta waves (p = 0.9984), in comparison with the control group. We also observed high values in the delta/theta ratio (DTR), the delta/alpha ratio (DAR), and the (delta+theta)/(alpha+beta) ratio (DTABR) indices during the ischemia (p less then 0.05), with a major reduction in the reperfusion phase. In the subacute phase, the activity of all the waves was lower than that of the control group (p less then 0.05), although the DTR, DAR, and DTABR indices remained relatively high. In conclusion, early and accurate identification of decreased delta wave bandpower, DTR, DAR, and DTABR indices, and an increase in the activity of other waves in the immediate reperfusion phase may represent an important advance for the recognition of the effectiveness of reperfusion therapy.Introduction A telestroke network in Northern New South Wales, Australia has been developed since 2017. We theorized that the telestroke network development would drive a progressive improvement in stroke care metrics over time. Aim This study aimed to describe changes in acute stroke workflow metrics over time to determine whether they improved with network experience. Methods We prospectively collected data of patients assessed by telestroke who received multimodal computed tomography (mCT) and were diagnosed with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack from January 2017 to July 2019. The period was divided into two phases (phase 1 January 2017 - October 2018 and phase 2 November 2018 - July 2019). We compared median door-to-call, door-to-image, and door-to-decision time between the two phases. Results We included 433 patients (243 in phase 1 and 190 in phase 2). Each spoke site treated 1.5-5.2 patients per month. There were Door-to-call time (median 39 in phase 1, 35 min in phase 2, p = 0.18), and door-to-decision time (median 81.5 vs. 83 min, p = 0.31) were not improved significantly. Similarly, in the reperfusion therapy subgroup, door-to-call time (median 29 vs. 24.5 min, p = 0.12) and door-to-decision time (median 70.5 vs. 67.5 min, p = 0.75) remained substantially unchanged. Regression analysis showed no association between time in the network and door-to-decision time (coefficient 1.5, p = 0.32). Conclusion In our telestroke network, acute stroke timing metrics did not improve over time. There is the need for targeted education and training focusing on both stroke reperfusion competencies and the technical aspects of telestroke in areas with limited workforce and high turnover.Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (N-TOS) is a chronic compressive brachial plexopathy that involves the C8, T1 roots, and/or lower trunk. Medial antebrachial cutaneous (MABC) nerve conduction study (NCS) abnormality is reportedly one of the most sensitive findings among the features of N-TOS. The aim of the present study was to report clinical features, imaging findings, treatment, and prognoses of two N-TOS patients with no abnormalities in electrophysiological studies. Both patients presented with paresthesia of unilateral arm, and examination revealed no neurologic deficits. Electrophysiologic studies including MABC NCS were normal. Computed tomography (CT) angiography and brachial plexus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the patients showed compression and displacement of the neurovascular bundle in the thoracic outlet by causative structures. Due to their sensory symptoms and CT angiography and brachial plexus MRI findings, after excluding other diseases, we diagnosed them with N-TOS. With the development of imaging techniques, more patients presenting with clinical features of lower trunk brachial plexopathy and anomalous structures compressing the neurovascular bundle on imaging studies can be diagnosed with N-TOS, even if electrophysiologic studies including MABC NCS do not show abnormalities.Objective To study the single nucleotide polymorphism rs662702 of ELP4-PAX6 in patients with idiopathic rolandic epilepsy syndromes (IRES) in China and explore the relationship between the distribution of rolandic spike sources and the single nucleotide polymorphism rs662702 in ELP4-PAX6. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk621.html Methods First, clinical information was obtained from patients diagnosed with IRES. Next, the single nucleotide polymorphism rs662702 of ELP4 was analyzed by using the Sanger method. Resting-state magnetoencephalography data were collected from 17 patients. We analyzed the epileptic spike sources using the single equivalent current dipole (SECD) model and determined the spike distributions across the whole brain. Finally, Fisher's test was performed to assess the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphism rs662702 of ELP4-PAX6 and rolandic spike sources. Results ELP4 rs662702 T alleles were found in 10.7% of IRES patients and occurred four times more frequently in these patients than in the healthy controls. TT homozygosity was found in one IRES patient (1.
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