Notes

[Preliminary analysis associated with intestinal microflora within individuals with various harshness of OSAHS].
Experiential and situational learning assert that learning is an ongoing process, in which the learner develops skills with in a supportive context. Consumer governance within health care settings allows consumers the opportunity to learn skills within a supportive space, and informs agencies regarding the consumer experience.BACKGROUND Graduate occupational therapy students collaborated with an Area Health Education Center (AHEC) to address occupational therapy's role in intervening for individuals who are homeless. OBJECTIVE The purpose was to provide educational resources on specific needs related to health and wellbeing to individuals who are homeless. METHODS A variety of methods were used to gather information on common needs of the homeless population related to health and wellbeing, community integration, and development of routines. Initial data was collected through the use of a needs assessment for nine participants with thirteen questions followed with a weekly visit to a homeless shelter. selleck compound The weekly visits allowed the students to build rapport and trust with the residents to gain an understanding of individual perspectives and barriers to occupation. RESULTS The students worked with residents how to best access community based resources and services related to occupational needs. Specific needs were identified, and further resources were provided to support community integration, independent living, and self-management. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary findings provided a basic understanding of the foundational needs of individuals to be used to support future research linking occupational therapy to the homeless population to achieve individual goals, improve health and wellbeing, and enhance life skills management.BACKGROUND Homelessness can impact society and individuals in many ways. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this project was to examine the current occupation-based needs and services among persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) in a major city. METHODS Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with eight PEH residing in a homeless shelter. Three questions were asked of each participant What daily personal activities have been most impacted since undergoing homelessness? Which services have been most helpful to you in overcoming homelessness? What other services might you find helpful to individuals experiencing housing insecurity? Researchers also gathered qualitative data utilizing a Photovoice component in which twelve PEH had the opportunity to photograph one object and provide a quote associated with the meaningful object. RESULTS Under-addressed areas of occupation, services received, and services requested were identified. Findings suggest that areas of occupation most impacted by homelessness include instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), activities of daily living (ADLs), leisure, social participation, and rest and sleep. Services received included case management and often met basic self-care needs of PEH. Services requested included group therapy, restructuring of the shelter to support individualization, and staff training. CONCLUSIONS Occupational therapy practitioners have the skill set to assess needed services among PEH. Meaningful objects captured by the clients via Photovoice may relate to past, present and future satisfaction despite being homeless.BACKGROUND Populations of those experiencing homelessness in the United States expand beyond those living in shelters and on the streets. Many individuals living in poverty experience housing instability, as well as refugee populations who experience deprivation of social resources due to displacement. These populations are significantly affected by social determinants of health (SDOH). OBJECTIVE A current policy and literature review was completed to assess prominent SDOH impacting unstably housed populations in the United States, including refugees, encountered in occupational therapy practice. Review of evidence-based practice to address SDOH was completed to provide recommendations for practitioners across healthcare settings. RESULTS A review of policy and its impact on those experiencing housing instability or recently resettled identifies several significant barriers to full occupational performance and health management. Several specific occupational therapy interventions exist to address these barriers and are in alignment with current practice. CONCLUSION Occupational therapy practitioners across practice settings should consider how current housing status and social determinants of health may impact their clients' occupational performance and ability to manage health conditions.BACKGROUND Occupational physical demands are commonly assumed the cause of work-related Low Back Pain (LBP) and absenteeism. OBJECTIVES To analyse relationships between LBP at work, physical demands and absenteeism. METHODS Workers filled out a questionnaire on socio-demographic and work-related factors, general health, LBP (number of episodes in a 12-month period, pain severity and intensity), and occupational hazards related with physical demands. RESULTS 735 workers completed the questionnaire (male n = 359). A high proportion of workers n = 507 (69%), from different occupational backgrounds, reported at least one LBP episode in the previous 12-month period. The highest ratio of subjects with more than 6 episodes of LBP per year was found among public services employees (31.8%) and the lowest ratio among administrative workers (10.3%). The highest ratio of workers (39%) were classified as sedentary workers, 34% of workers having a low or moderate level of physical demands in their work, and 27% reported high levels of physical demands in their work. There was a 4 % absenteeism rate in a 12-month period, which was significantly higher in the group with physically demanding work. Those subjects with higher physical requirements at work have increased odds of having more than 3 episodes of LBP during the previous year (p  less then  0.05) in comparison with subjects with more sedentary jobs and those with low or moderate physical demands. High intensity work, compared to sedentary work, is associated with an increased probability of being absent of work because of LBP in a previous 12-month period (OR = 3.12; CI 1.23-7.89; p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest there is an association between highly physically demanding jobs, LBP and absenteeism. These results may contribute to the improvement of LBP assessment and prevention programs in Occupational Health Services.
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