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Analysis of the Effects of Polyurethane foam Going and Extending about Actual physical Performance. A Systematic Evaluate as well as Meta-Analysis.
© Association for Behavior Analysis International 2020.Composting systems are poised to make a significant impact on waste-management strategies and greatly contribute to global sustainability efforts. However, risk of contamination by potentially detrimental compounds must be overcome before these systems can be widely adopted. Behavior analytic approaches to waste disposal adherence have consisted of antecedent and consequence strategies; many such strategies require continual oversight and significant investment of resources to maintain effectiveness. This project describes a field study that investigated a purely antecedent-based approach to nudge proper organic recycling on a university campus. Using a multiple-baseline design across dining sites, we demonstrate the efficacy of enhanced compost bins (i.e., green colored bins with a hinged door and an accompanying placard indicating site-specific materials that can and cannot be composted) to reduce product contamination by inorganic or unsuitable organic refuse. Implications for future research and suggestions for university implementation are discussed. © Association for Behavior Analysis International 2019.Direct service professionals (DSPs) provide the majority of treatment to individuals with developmental disabilities in community and residential settings; however, their ability to implement high-quality care is often limited by workplace factors and stress. The present study examined the effect of a verbal and written performance feedback intervention and the addition of an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based training program on the frequency and technical competence of active treatment provided by DSPs using a multiple-baseline design across 5 participants. Each participant demonstrated an increase in active treatment and technical performance following the implementation of both feedback-only and feedback plus ACT training interventions. Self-reported levels of psychological flexibility, workplace stress, and job satisfaction remained relatively stable for all participants from baseline to intervention despite the increased performance of the DSPs. Implications of the inclusion of an ACT-based training program with traditional behavior-analytic workplace interventions are discussed. © Association for Behavior Analysis International 2019.To investigate the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota of mice treated with Folium senna decoction gavage combined with restraint and tail pinch stress. Ten healthy male Kunming mice were chosen and randomly divided into control group and model group, with five mice in each group. Mice in the control group were raised regularly, while mice in the model group were treated by feeding with Folium senna decoction, restraint in a constraint tube and tail pinch with a clip for 7 days. Intestinal contents from the jejunum to ileum were collected, and DNA was extracted from each mouse. The characteristics of the intestinal microbial species were analysed by PacBio Sequel-based 16S rRNA sequencing. Result showed that alpha diversity indices in the model group were higher than those in the control group, and the Simpson index differed significantly (P  0.05). In the control group, Candidatus arthromitus sp. SFB-mouse and Lactobacillus johnsonii were the dominant species. In the model group, Staphylococcus lentus, Lactobacillus johnsonii, Candidatus arthromitus sp. SFB-mouse and Lactobacillus murinus were included. Furthermore, LEfSe analysis showed that the relative abundances of Escherichia sp. BBDP27, Helicobacter ganmani, Bacteroides vulgatus and Lactobacillus intestinalis in the model group were higher than those in the control group (P  less then  0.05 or P  less then  0.01). In conclusion, Folium senna decoction gavage combined with restraint and tail pinch stress increased the intestinal microbiota diversity. DZNeP cell line Strains associated with intestinal diseases, including Bacteroides vulgatus, Helicobacter ganmani, Staphylococcus lentus and Lactobacillus murinus, were significantly enriched, while strains beneficial to health, such as Candidatus arthromitus sp. SFB-mouse and Lactobacillus johnsonii, were significantly depleted. © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020.Alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) as a pretreatment effectively enhances the increasing enzymatic digestibility of oil palm trunk (OPT) for conversion to biofuels and bioproducts in the biorefinery processes. The effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration (1-5%), temperature (50-90 °C), and time (30-90 min) were studied to find out the optimum condition for the removal of lignin. The optimum condition attained at 70 °C, 30 min, and 3% H2O2 g /g of biomass not only increased the cellulose content from 38.67% in raw material to 73.96% but also removed lignin and hemicellulose up to 50% and 57.12%, respectively. The AHP-treated fibers subjected to enzyme hydrolysis showed significant improvement in glucose concentration that increased from 11.77 (± 0.84) g/L (raw material) to 46.15 (± 0.32) g/L with 59.82% enzyme digestibility at 96 h. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformation infrared (FT-IR) were employed to analyze the morphology and structural changes of untreated and AHP-treated fibers. SEM results showed disruption of the intact OPT structure resulting in increase of enzyme accessibility to cellulose. The FT-IR identified changes in peaks which indicated structural transformation and dissolution of both lignin and hemicellulose molecules caused by AHP treatment. The black liquor obtained from AHP treatment contained about 5.13 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of dry sample of total phenolic content (TPC) and an antioxidant activity of 59.80% and 65.51% inhibitions of DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Hence, it is a sustainable approach to utilize waste for the recovery of multiple value-added products during pretreatment process. © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020.FSCJ conducted a risk assessment of fluxametamide (CAS No. 928783-29-3), an isoxazoline insecticide, based on results from various studies. The data used in the assessment include the fate in animals, fate in plants, residues in crops, subacute toxicity, subacute neurotoxicity, chronic toxicity, combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity, carcinogenicity, two-generation reproductive toxicity, developmental toxicity, and genotoxicity. Alveolar macrophage accumulation, vacuolated epithelial cells in the small intestine, and hepatocellular vacuolation are observed in various toxicity studies. Increased incidences of thyroid follicular cell adenoma in male rats and of hepatocellular adenoma in male mice were observed in carcinogenicity studies. However, a genotoxic mechanism was unlikely to be involved in the tumor increases. FSCJ specified an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0.0085 mg/kg bw per day, applying a safety factor of 100 to the NOAEL, 0.85 mg/kg bw per day, that was derived from the two-year combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study in rats.
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