Notes

[A step-by-step guide regarding secure off-label prescribing].
Dentin sensitivity, dentistry, laser.
Considering the found results and their possible limitations, high- and low-intensity lasers, associated or not with other therapies, have demonstrated beneficial effects in the treatment of DH, being considered a promising, safe, easy, and effective field of research, reducing pain sensitivity and preserving pulp vitality. Key wordsDentin sensitivity, dentistry, laser.
COVID-19 outbreak brought many challenges to the society and to health care systems. Health care professionals in dental practices are a high-risk population, due to close contact to saliva and aerosols. Specific guidance for those professionals is essential to control disease transmission and guarantee dentist's health.

We performed a literature review based on online search in Pubmed, Scientific Electronic Library, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde and Scopus databases. Included articles were fully read and analysed regarding infection control measurements, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), conditions for procedures and use of mouthrinse.

Nineteen articles were added to this review. The majority of them recommended maintaining only urgency treatments, with use of rubber dam and mouthrinse before procedures.

The data collected suggests dental care should be performed under strict protection measures such as a pre-check questionnaire prior to any dental procedure; postponing elective dental treatments and following infection control security procedures may be strategic at this point. The use of adequate PPE for procedures is recommended. Supplementary measures should rise from further understanding of the pandemics.
COVID-19, dentistry, practice.
The data collected suggests dental care should be performed under strict protection measures such as a pre-check questionnaire prior to any dental procedure; postponing elective dental treatments and following infection control security procedures may be strategic at this point. The use of adequate PPE for procedures is recommended. Supplementary measures should rise from further understanding of the pandemics. Key wordsCOVID-19, dentistry, practice.
Information about the risk of early loss and crestal bone loss of dental implants which have been loaded early is scant if compared with data available for those conventionally or immediately loaded. A meta-analysis of early loss and crestal bone loss in immediate or delayed loaded full mandibular denture retaining dental implants has been recently published. It is interesting to evaluate also the risks of early versus immediate and delayed loading in complete mandibular restorations. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to study early (EL) versus immediate (IL) and delayed loading (DL) protocols in edentulous mandibles to determine whether differences exist in implant success and crestal bone loss.

The literature review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Seven randomized clinical trials were included.

The result of a meta-analysis of implant loss before 1 year in EL versus IL was 0.34 (95% CI 0.08, 1.52), favoring the EL control group, while the ou loss is greater in immediately and delayed loaded implants, at 1 and 3 years of observation, compared to those loaded early. Key wordsDental implants, early dental implant loading, dental prostheses, implant- supported, alveolar bone loss, meta-analysis.
Emerging evidence pointed to a potential association between periodontitis (PE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), based on shared characteristics and similarities in risk factors, immunogenetics and pathways of tissue destruction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential association between RA and PE, as well as the influence of risk variables in this association.

The present case-control study comprised 471 individuals (157 cases with RA and 314 controls) that underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination. The association between risk variables and the occurrence of AR and PE were evaluated through univariate and multivariate logistic analysis.

Higher frequency (
<0.001), severity (
=0.006) and extension (
=0.018) of PE was observed among the cases when compared to controls. Variables retained in the final multivariate models for the occurrence of PE were lower number of teeth, smoking, no use of dental floss, ≥4 daily toothbrushing and RA; for the occurrence of RA were higher age, female gender, smoking, alcohol use and PE. It is important to stress that RA (OR=2.53; 95%CI 1.24-3.86;
<0.001) was retained in the model for PE, and PE (OR=3.12; 95%CI 1.47-4.26;
<0.001) was retained in the model for RA.

The present study demonstrated a high frequency of PE among individuals with RA and an important association among the occurrence, severity and extension of PE and RA and smoking.
Case-control study, risk factors, periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis.
The present study demonstrated a high frequency of PE among individuals with RA and an important association among the occurrence, severity and extension of PE and RA and smoking. Key wordsCase-control study, risk factors, periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis.
This study aims to analyze the use of contemporary technologies and materials in undergraduate endodontic teaching in Spain.

The survey was sent to the undergraduate endodontic programme leads in the 23 Spanish dental schools. The survey asked about the use of magnification, ultrasonic devices, electronic apex locator, rotary instruments, root-filling techniques, and bioceramic cements in the teaching of endodontics.

The response rate was 91%, and the final number of schools included in the study was twenty. Only two schools (10%) used magnification (loupes or operative microscope). Five schools (25%) used ultrasonic devices to prepare the access cavity, and four (20%) to activate the irrigation solution. In 14 dental schools (70%) no type of ultrasonic instrument was used. Cynarin Electronic apex locators in working length determination was used in 19 schools (95%). All schools used rotary instrumentation in the teaching of endodontics, and 45% of schools used reciprocating instruments. Five schools (25%) used warm vertical compaction technique, four (20%) single cone gutta-percha technique, and four (20%) thermoplastic injection techniques.
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