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A method to calculate probability of disease along with vaccine efficiency via clinical trial immunogenicity information.
An asymptomatic 70-year-old woman presented with a nodular lesion overlapping the pulmonary artery at the right hilar region on a chest X-ray. Bronchial arteriography revealed an aneurysmal dilation of the long segment of the right bronchial artery and a shunt from the right bronchial artery to the right lower pulmonary artery. She was diagnosed with primary racemose hemangioma of the bronchial artery (RHBA). Considering the risk of hemoptysis, we performed a bronchial arterial embolization (BAE) using coils and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. She had no complication after the BAE and no recurrences of hemoptysis at the 36-month follow-up. RHBA should be considered in case of aneurysmal dilation in the long segment of the bronchial artery, and BAE should be considered as a treatment strategy despite the absence of symptoms. © 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Background Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) is categorized as a rare form of interstitial lung disease. Most cases are associated with autoimmune disease. Case report A 78-year-old male with Crohn's disease, presented with progressive dyspnea and dry cough for few weeks. The pathology of transbronchial lung biopsy was compatible with LIP and positive cells on EBER in situ hybridization. Blood EBV viral load was 85,715 copies/mL, compatible with EBV-associated LIP. All immunosuppressive agents were discontinued, but unfortunately the patient died due to hospital-acquired infections. In addition, we reviewed all reported cases of EBV-associated LIP in literature. Conclusions To our knowledge, we report herein the first case of EBV-associated LIP in an IBD patient. We postulate that LIP was the consequence from EBV reactivation, probably due to immunosuppressive agents and/or IBD itself. The physician should aware of this disease when taking care of immunosuppressive patients who present with acute interstitial pneumonitis. © 2020 The Authors.Pulmonary embolism due to hydatid cysts is a very rare pathology. A 55-year-old male was transferred to our hospital due to respiratory failure, as a result of left pulmonary artery obstruction by cystic lesions. His medical history included multiple operations for abdominal echinococcosis. He was urgently operated for the extraction of the proximal hydatid cysts with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass with an excellent outcome and six months later through a right thoracotomy for the distal right pulmonary artery, the cysts were extracted. Meanwhile, he followed additional medication treatment with albendazole, preoperatively as well as postoperatively. Today, 5 years later, he has no evidence of hydatidosis recurrence. © 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.A fundamental objective of an aesthetic treatment is the patient's satisfaction and that the outcome of the treatment should meet the patient's expectation of enhancing his/her facial aesthetics and smile. A patient constantly doubting the end result of the treatment, which is an irreversible procedure, can be motivated and educated through Digital Smile Designing (DSD) technique. DSD is a technical tool which is used to design and modify the smile of patients digitally and help them to visualize it beforehand by creating and presenting a digital mockup of their new smile design before the treatment physically starts. It helps in visual communication and involvement of the patients in their own smile design process, thus ensuring predictable treatment outcome and increasing case acceptance. This article reviews the aspects of digital smile designing in aesthetic dental practice pertaining to its use, advantages, limitations and future prospects. learn more © 2020 Craniofacial Research Foundation. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Purpose The purpose of this study is the prevention of Candida colonies on PMMA Denture Base by altering the surface and incorporations of Nanoparticles. Materials and methods The Pub Med/Medline was searched to identify 100 relevant studies published from 2011 to 2020. The search strategy employed the following keywords related to "use of Nanoparticles in dentistry", "Antimicrobial agents and PMMA", "Candidiasis and nanomaterials", "Prevention of oral Candidiasis", "Incorporation of antimicrobial agents in acrylic dentures," "nanoparticles as therapeutic agents for denture stomatitis", "Nanodentistry" or "Nanotechnology" or "Nanocomposite" or "Nanodrugs" or "Nanomaterials". Results Most of the studies shows that modified PMMA denture base resin containing different antimicrobial coatings and incorporation of metal oxides Nanoparticles and other nanomaterials showed antifungal activity in vitro; however some materials in higher concentration showing altered physical and mechanical properties possibly due to aggregation of Nanoparticles in the lattice of PMMA molecules. Conclusion Metal oxides nanomaterials revealed cytotoxicity to Candida and other microbes present in oral biofilm including PMMA denture surface. Nano toxicity may attribute to direct interaction of nanoparticles with cell membrane, hindrance in protein synthesis and early adhesion & interfere with physiology of pathogens. © 2020 Craniofacial Research Foundation. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Among youth who use electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), e-cigarettes are often the first tobacco product tried. Flavor is a common reason for experimentation with e-cigarettes. This study assessed flavor preferences and the choice of ENDS as an initial product among youth by selected demographic characteristics. The analysis sample included 1549 participants who had ever tried ENDS, drawn from a national online survey of youth aged 13-18 in 2017. Fruit was the most common favorite flavor among ENDS users, followed by menthol/mint/wintergreen. Preference for flavor varied by age, sex and racial/ethnic background. ENDS were the tobacco products most likely to be tried first, particularly among participants under age 17. Those who preferred fruit flavor were twice as likely to have tried ENDS first, compared to those with other flavor preferences, while those who preferred menthol/mint/wintergreen flavor were half as likely to have tried ENDS first. Our findings support an association between flavor and ENDS use.
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