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ADHD in Adults - Treatment Options

ADHD is a common neurobiological disorder that affects 4.4 percent of the general population. It is accompanied by high rates of comorbidity (depression anxiety, anxiety, alcohol abuse) and significant social, emotional, and occupational impairments.

Medications and psychotherapy are both effective treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. The most frequently prescribed medications are stimulants such as methylphenidate or amphetamine.


Medicines

Many adults with ADHD notice significant improvements in their symptoms as well as functioning in response to medication. Because of the different ways that people respond to medication, it is important for individuals with ADHD to find a combination that is effective.

Stimulants, such as amphetamines and methylphenidate are the most commonly prescribed medications for adults with ADHD. They are available in immediate-release (short-acting) tablet or liquid form, and can be taken as frequently as every three to four hours. Adults can supplement their immediate-release medication with an extended-release long-acting medicine at least once a week to reduce the need to take it often throughout the day.

Antidepressants such as desipramine have also been found to be effective in treatment of adults suffering from ADHD. This class of drugs can be used together with stimulants or on their own to boost their effects. However, they could increase the risk of serious cardiovascular side effects, such as a rapid heartbeat, EKG changes, and orthostatic hypotension.

Adults with ADHD can also be treated using alprazolam or clonidine, which are both Alpha-2 antagonists of the adrenergic system. These medications were originally developed to treat hypertension. They have a calming affect and can improve focus, and reduce hyperactivity and impulse control in certain adults. However, how to get treated for adhd in adults could result in a drop in blood pressure if they are abruptly removed or reduced in dosage.

Psychotherapy is also beneficial for adults with ADHD. Individual talk therapy can help them deal with feelings of shame and embarrassment about their ADHD as well as resentment toward co-workers, supervisors, teachers and family members who might be a source of criticism or nagging them. Additionally counseling for families and marriages can help couples with ADHD understand each other's problems and improve communication.

Behavioral Therapy

Psychosocial therapy for adults with ADHD seeks to improve everyday functioning by teaching strategies and skills. Psychotherapy can also aid those who suffer from ADHD overcome their low self-esteem and feeling of inadequacy that can be a result of this condition.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is also referred to as cognitive behavioral therapy helps people change their negative thoughts and feelings that cause problems in their lives. It helps them learn new ways to think, feel and behave. This short-term, goal-oriented type of psychotherapy has proven to be effective for a variety of conditions, including depression and anxiety. It can be used by itself or in combination with other therapies.

CBT can include group therapy, which is especially beneficial for adults suffering from ADHD because it gives the opportunity to interact with other people who have similar struggles and to learn from others how they manage their ADHD symptoms. It can be provided in person or via the phone. In one study, CBT was compared to the standard treatment for adults who have ADHD. Both treatments helped improve self-reporting indicators like symptoms, functioning and quality of life.

Numerous studies have evaluated CBT with other psychosocial treatments for adults suffering from ADHD and have all shown significant reductions in self-reported ADHD symptoms with medium to large effect size. These improvements were linked to diverse approaches such as cognitive and interpersonal behavioral therapy, social skills training, problem-solving and mindfulness meditation.

It is important to compare the effectiveness of various treatments for adult ADHD with caution. It is likely that the differences in outcome results are due to a variety of variables that include treatment characteristics, measures used as well as the backgrounds of the patients. There are few studies that have investigated the effectiveness of neurofeedback. This method involves wearing a hat with electrodes while performing cognitive tasks to identify brain areas where there is excessive or insufficient activity. The individual then learns to control these patterns.

Counseling

Many people suffering from ADHD have anxiety or mood disorders that require treatment. Counseling can address these problems that may be contributing ADHD symptoms. Certain psychotherapy strategies include the use of interpersonal therapy to improve the ability of a person to form meaningful relationships and resolve conflicts. Cognitive behavioral therapy seeks to alter negative behaviors and assist in managing impulsive and self-destructive behaviors that can cause problems at work or school.

In some instances psychotherapy may be used as an alternative to medications for adult adhd treatment for adults. People who have comorbid conditions such as depression, bipolar disorder, and addiction to drugs need to be evaluated carefully to make sure they don't have symptoms that cannot be improved by the medication used to treat ADHD. People with certain medical issues like thyroid disorders, lead poisoning, and an history of seizures need to be treated more aggressively as they are at higher risk of developing complications from the medications.

If ADHD is sufficient to cause problems with everyday functioning and quality of life intensive outpatient programs might be suggested. These programs provide more intensive and structured treatment than traditional outpatient therapy.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which is a form of cognitive therapy, helps adults suffering from ADHD to improve their ability to manage time planning, impulse control and executive function. It helps them recognize and express their emotions and uses exercises and worksheets to make the learning interesting. Mindfulness meditation training improves CBT and enhances a person's ability to focus and regulate their emotions. It increases the capacity of a person to tolerate stress and arousal. It can assist them in dealing with anger, sadness and other difficult emotions which could be contributing to their ADHD.

Occupational Therapy

Adults suffering from ADHD report difficulties functioning at work and at home. These issues can also impact relationships and can lead to financial issues. Therapy that addresses these issues will help you to improve your self-esteem and resolve underlying problems. It will also help you develop healthy coping methods.

Cognitive-behavioral Therapy is a great treatment for adults with ADHD because it teaches you how to change your negative thoughts and behaviors. In particular, it is focused on teaching you how to use time management strategies and overcome thinking distortions that contribute to negative moods and perceptions of a limited selection.

Many people with ADHD also suffer from anxiety or depression. These psychiatric disorders can reduce or even increase the effectiveness of certain medications used to treat ADHD. Therefore, it is recommended that you first treat the most severe comorbid condition and then monitor its response to the medication prior to treating the other condition.

Occupational therapy can help you learn how to manage your life and work, create routines that are predictable, manage time and money, and create confidence in yourself. It can also help you master relaxation techniques that can reduce your impulsivity and hyperactivity. Additionally yoga and other forms of exercise can help you focus better by stabilizing your body in different postures.

Counseling for families and marriage can address the issues people with ADHD frequently cause their children, spouses, and others. They often complain of being undependable and unorganized. They are also prone to forget things or make decisions impulsively. You can strengthen your relationships by teaching your spouses and other family members about ADHD. It can help you and your family members realize that the problem is due to ADHD and not an inability to care or refusing to cooperate.

Clinical Trials

Adult ADHD is a prevalent neurobiological disorder. It is accompanied by high levels of comorbidity. This includes depression, anxiety and substance abuse disorders. Treatment options include medication and psychosocial interventions. A variety of medications are available for adults with ADHD, and some of them have been tested in clinical trials. These studies have exposed the strengths and limitations of the drugs.

Adults suffering from ADHD experience the same symptoms as children, but it isn't always easy to identify them since the symptoms of childhood may not persist until adulthood. Adults with ADHD may not have any family background of the disorder or may not be aware of symptoms. It is important to have a thorough medical history to determine if the symptoms are related to an illness such as thyroid problems or sleep apnea, and vision issues.

Treatments for adults suffering from ADHD generally fall into two categories: stimulants and nonstimulant medications. The stimulants have the highest response rates for adults suffering from ADHD. Their response rates range from 70% to 80%. The most commonly used stimulants are methylphenidate and amphetamine compounds. Methylphenidate can also be found in a transdermal system, which allows for a continuous supply of medication throughout the day.

Nonstimulant medications for adults with ADHD are primarily tricyclic antidepressants that target norepinephrine and dopamine. Desipramine, which is the most researched tricyclic, has been proven to be effective in adult ADHD patients. It is a low-dose medication which should be increased each seven days by 50mg until the desired effect is noticed.

Bupropion XL is a different antidepressant, has been shown to work in adults with ADHD. It is a dopamine receptor agonist and is able to block the reuptake of norepinephrine at the presynaptic receptor, thereby increasing its use in the brain. This drug has been shown to improve mood and reduce hyperactivity in adults, but it is not as effective as stimulants when it comes to improving concentration or cognitive function.

Read More: https://www.iampsychiatry.com/adult-adhd-treatment