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In individuals with obesity, we observed a transient elevation of serum Fet-A concentrations, but not pFet-A, immediately after exercise (Post Ex). Further, a single bout of exercise decreased glucoseAUC , insulinAUC , and insulin resistance index in individuals with obesity. Consistent with this improvement in insulin sensitivity, we observed that Fet-AAUC , pFet-AAUC , 2 h pFet-A, and 2 h pFet-A/Fet-A were significantly lower following a single bout of exercise. Further, reductions in serum Fet-AAUC 24h Post Ex were correlated with a reduction in insulin resistance index. Together, this suggests that alterations in serum Fet-A following a single bout of moderate-intensity endurance exercise may play a role in the improvement of insulin sensitivity. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03478046; https//clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03478046.
Mother-infant bonding describes the early emotional connectedness between a mother and her infant. The quality of the mother-infant bond early in life is related to the subsequent quality of the child's attachment, the quality of further mother-infant interactions, and various other social outcomes across the child's life span. The Recorded Interaction Task (RIT) was developed to assess mother-infant bonding using observational methods in a naturalistic but standardized setting, thus addressing shortcomings of previous self-report tools. The RIT focusses on the common interaction between mother and infant (aged 2 to 5 months old), during a diaper (nappy) change. The interaction is video recorded and later assessed. The RIT must be validated before it can be used to assess mother-infant bonding in future research or in clinical practice.

Face and content validity of the RIT were assessed by a panel of 6 experts in bonding and assessment of maternal and infant behavior. The RIT and self-reported Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) were administered to 15 mother-infant dyads with the correlation between their scores used to assess convergent validity.

Acceptable face and content validity of the RIT was demonstrated. A weak correlation between the RIT and PBQ (r = -0.13) and their subscales (r = -0.22) were observed. A strong correlation between the RIT maternal behavior and infant behavior subscales was recorded (r = 0.69).

The RIT appears to be a viable tool for the observational assessment of mother-infant bonding. Reliability testing and piloting will be required before the RIT can be used in future research or clinical practice.
The RIT appears to be a viable tool for the observational assessment of mother-infant bonding. Reliability testing and piloting will be required before the RIT can be used in future research or clinical practice.
We investigated the potential use of canagliflozin, in comparison with liraglutide, as an alternative to bolus insulin in patients with well-controlled type2 diabetes mellitus receiving multiple daily insulin injection therapy.

In 40 patients, with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels <7.5% controlled by multiple daily insulin injection therapy, all bolus insulin was randomly switched to canagliflozin (100mg/day) or liraglutide (0.3-0.9mg/day) for 24weeks. Basal insulin was continued with dose adjustment according to a predefined algorithm. The end-points were the change in the HbA1c level, glycemic variability assessed by continuous glucose monitoring, body mass index, insulin dose, quality of life (QOL) and safety assessments. Factors influencing the changes in QOL were also assessed using a simple regression analysis.

The change in HbA1c from baseline was comparable between the treatments. Both treatments maintained the HbA1c level to the baseline levels with stable glucose variability and no severe hypoglycemia for 24weeks, decreased total insulin dose, and significantly increased the QOL score. Selleckchem C381 The change in QOL was significantly associated with injection frequency.

For patients with well-controlled type2 diabetes mellitus, under the support of basal insulin, complex insulin regimens can be simplified by replacing all bolus insulin with once-daily canagliflozin or liraglutide, which improves patients' QOL.
For patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, under the support of basal insulin, complex insulin regimens can be simplified by replacing all bolus insulin with once-daily canagliflozin or liraglutide, which improves patients' QOL.
Diabetes has been considered as a 'pro-thrombotic state' with enhanced platelet reactivity. Abnormality in platelet aggregation has been found in patients with its most common chronic complication - diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential association of platelet indices with nerve conduction function and the presence of DPN in Chinese patients with type2 diabetes mellitus.

This study involved a total of 211 inpatients with type2 diabetes mellitus and 55 healthy individuals for whom nerve conduction studies were carried out. DPN was diagnosed according to the American Diabetes Association recommendation. Clinical data were retrospectively collected.

Patients with diabetes in whom neuropathy developed had lower levels of platelet count (PLT) and plateletcrit (PCT) than healthy controls (P<0.05). Statistically significant associations of low PLT and PCT levels with the reduction of summed amplitude/velocity Z-score, and the prolongation of F-wave minimum latency in nerve conduction studies were found. Furthermore, after multivariate adjustment, logistic regression analysis showed that low levels of PLT (odds ratio 2.268, 95% confidence interval 1.072-4.797; P<0.05; PLT <226 vs PLT ≥226) and PCT (odds ratio 2.050, 95% confidence interval 1.001-4.201; P<0.05; PCT <0.222 vs PCT ≥0.222) in type2 diabetes mellitus patients were risk factors for the presence of DPN.

Lower PLT and PCT levels are closely associated with poorer peripheral nerve conduction functions and the presence of neuropathy in patients with type2 diabetes mellitus, which suggests that PLT and PCT might be potential biomarkers for showing DPN.
Lower PLT and PCT levels are closely associated with poorer peripheral nerve conduction functions and the presence of neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which suggests that PLT and PCT might be potential biomarkers for showing DPN.
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