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Ocular signals can facilitate the detection of sleep under the conditions of the MWT but sleep detection should not solely rely on ocular signals. If PSG recordings are not practicable or if a signal is needed that responds relatively early in the wake/sleep transition, the use of PERCLOS for the detection of sleep is reasonable.
Ocular signals can facilitate the detection of sleep under the conditions of the MWT but sleep detection should not solely rely on ocular signals. check details If PSG recordings are not practicable or if a signal is needed that responds relatively early in the wake/sleep transition, the use of PERCLOS for the detection of sleep is reasonable.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) co-delivering sorafenib (Sor) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) siRNA (MWNT/Sor/siRNA) on tumor growth in liver cancer (LC).
MWNT/Sor/siRNA was proved to possess increased Sor release, high siRNA stability, and enhanced cellular uptake. In addition, MWNT treatment has few effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis in HepG2 cells; however, MWNT/Sor/siRNA treatment significantly inhibited clone number and induced cell apoptosis, which shows a more favorable antitumor effect than MWNT/Sor and free Sor and free siRNA in HepG2 cells. Moreover MWNT/Sor/siRNA treatment has the most significant antitumor effect
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MWNT/Sor/siRNA exhibited a superior antitumor effect
and
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The MWNT/Sor and MWNT/Sor/siRNA were prepared, and then the morphologies of MWNT/Sor/siRNA were analyzed.
Sor release assay, siRNA stability and cellular uptake of MWNT/Sor/siRNA were performed as well. Next, the effects of MWNT, free Sor, free siRNA, MWNT/Sor and MWNT/Sor/siRNA were evaluated by colony-forming assay, and cell apoptosis assay in HepG2 cells. Meanwhile, the level of EGFR and proteins associated with apoptosis was tested. Furthermore, the anti-tumor effects of MWNT/Sor/siRNA on LC xenograft mice were also unraveled.
The MWNT/Sor and MWNT/Sor/siRNA were prepared, and then the morphologies of MWNT/Sor/siRNA were analyzed. In vitro Sor release assay, siRNA stability and cellular uptake of MWNT/Sor/siRNA were performed as well. Next, the effects of MWNT, free Sor, free siRNA, MWNT/Sor and MWNT/Sor/siRNA were evaluated by colony-forming assay, and cell apoptosis assay in HepG2 cells. Meanwhile, the level of EGFR and proteins associated with apoptosis was tested. Furthermore, the anti-tumor effects of MWNT/Sor/siRNA on LC xenograft mice were also unraveled.This study aimed to investigate the dual-task cost of both motor and cognitive performances in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and in healthy controls and to determine their relationships with clinical features in PwMS. The participants performed motor tasks (postural stability, walking, and manual dexterity) and cognitive tasks (mental tracking and verbal fluency) under single- and dual-task conditions. The results showed that postural stability under dual-task conditions did not change, whereas walking and manual dexterity deteriorated, regardless of the concurrent cognitive task, in PwMS (median Expanded Disability Status Scale score 1) and the healthy controls. Verbal fluency decreased during postural stability, whereas it increased during walking, and it was maintained during manual dexterity in both groups. Mental tracking did not change during walking; it declined during manual dexterity in both groups. Mental tracking during postural stability deteriorated in PwMS, while it did not change in the healthy controls. In general, dual-task costs were associated with baseline performances of tasks rather than clinical features. Therefore, baseline performances of both tasks should be increased for improving dual-task performance in PwMS.
The literature is unclear as to whether children and adolescents with chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) differ from their healthy peers in physical activity (PA).
To determine the PA levels measured through accelerometers in children and adolescents with CRDs.
The authors conducted a systematic review using five databases. The authors included studies that assessed the PA measured by accelerometers in children and adolescents with CRDs. Two independent reviewers analyzed the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of evidence.
From 11,497 reports returned by the initial search, 29 articles reporting on 4381 patients were included. In the sensitivity analysis, the authors found that children and adolescents with CRDs had a moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) of -0.08hours per day (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.12 to -0.03h/d; P = .001), which was lower than the healthy controls; the values for sedentary time (mean difference -0.47h/d; 95% CI, -1.29 to 0.36h/d; P = .27) and steps/d (mean difference 361 steps/d; 95% CI -385 to 1707 steps/d; P = .45) were similar for both.
Children and adolescents with CRDs have a slight reduction in MVPA in comparison with healthy controls, but sedentary time and steps/d were similar for both.
Children and adolescents with CRDs have a slight reduction in MVPA in comparison with healthy controls, but sedentary time and steps/d were similar for both.
The effects of school-based exergaming interventions on adolescents' physical activity (PA) and psychosocial outcomes have been mixed. Researchers speculate this may be attributed to design issues. Therefore, this study examined differences in urban minority adolescents' PA, enjoyment, and self-efficacy during small-groups and full-class exergaming.
Forty-seven urban minority adolescents (83% black; X¯age=11.8+1.3 y) completed two 15-minute exergaming sessions on the Xbox One Kinect Just Dance (1)small groups (n = 3-4) and (2)full class (n = 23-24). Participants' time in sedentary behavior, light PA, and moderate to vigorous PA and steps were retrieved from ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers with enjoyment and self-efficacy assessed using validated surveys.
Participants spent significantly more time in sedentary behavior (5.9 [5.2] min vs 3.5 [2.7] min, respectively P < .001, d = 0.57) and less time in moderate-to-vigorous PA (2.1 [2.8] min vs 5.5 [2.2]min, respectively P < .001, d = 0.85) during the full-class versus the small-groups session.
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