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Mitochondrial Qc inside Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Damage.
Introducing functional metal nanoparticles (NPs) into flexible substrate is being increasingly attempted to expand their application. Here, we extend the synthesis of cellulose to its unmodified dope achieving freestanding nanocomposite decorated with bimetallic Ag-Au NPs through the one pot reaction. In the procedure, cellulose chain not only acts as a reducing agent but also a biocompatible support for NPs with a mean size of 7.9-9.7 nm. Meanwhile, changing the addition order of Ag+ and AuCl4- generated different atom arrangement in the bimetallic NPs. Moreover, the correlation of bioactivity to NP atom arrangement was studied. The result revealed that the nanocomposite containing NPs with an ultrathin Ag-rich outermost shell around an Au-rich core showed better bactericidal ability while lower cytotoxicity. In addition, the nanocomposite exhibited a sensitive SERS property for determination of R6G with a high enhancement factor of 108.Tissue engineering using adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) has become one of the most promising treatments for defective articular cartilage owing to the stability and dynamic differentiation of ASCs. In this study, we fabricated a 3D hybrid scaffold using poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) to support the mechanical properties of the regenerating auricle cartilage, and injected a cell-laden alginate hydrogel, containing a mixture of ASCs and chondrocytes, into the PCL scaffold. Using the cell-laden 3D auricle structure, the in vitro chondrogenesis of the ASCs with and without the presence of chondrocytes was examined. Additionally, the feasibility of utilizing the 3D cell-laden auricle structure for cartilage tissue engineering was evaluated in a rat model. In our in vitro and in vivo experiments, we observed that as the ASCs were co-cultured with the chondrocytes, chondrogenic differentiation was encouraged, and the regeneration of cartilage was significantly increased.Cellulose filaments (CFs) are produced from wood-pulp fibres through solely mechanical treatment. They are inhomogeneous materials comprising both relatively large fibre fragments and fine fibrils. CFs can stabilize oil-in-water medium- and high-internal phase Pickering emulsions, where the presence of fibre fragments plays a critical role in emulsion stabilization by preventing CF fibrils from forming highly entangled structures. The emulsion properties are shown to be influenced by both the refining energy and CF concentration. NVL-655 manufacturer CFs are distinct from cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) or microfibrillated cellulose (MFC), which flocculate and collapse owing to the entanglement of the homogeneous fibrous mass. Typically, other additives - surfactants or cellulose nanocrystals - are necessary to stabilize such emulsions. Further, lignin-containing CFs, produced from unbleached pulps, are particularly beneficial for emulsion stabilization at higher pH when the functional groups on lignin molecules are ionized. Our findings present CFs as potentially inexpensive, sustainable, and efficient emulsifiers for a wide variety of systems, from food to personal care products or engineering materials.Cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels are used in many biomedical applications but their characterization in order to distinguish between physicochemical properties is challenging. Longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation times and diffusion coefficient (D) of water protons in diepoxide 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE)-cross-linked HA hydrogels were analyzed by high-field NMR spectroscopy to distinguish between different physicochemical properties. Hydrogels of different degrees of modification and cross-linking, representing a range of gel content, swelling ability, elastic and viscous behavior were studied, as well as solutions of native HA of different molecular weights. T1, T2 and D were measured for several concentrations of HA and as a function of temperature. D and T1 showed a weak concentration dependence, but did not differ between the hydrogels. T2, dominated by chemical exchange between water protons and exchangeable protons of HA, varied significantly between the different hydrogels and the temperature profiles changed dramatically between different concentrations.Treatment of infections using wound dressing integrated with multiple functions such as antibacterial activity, non-toxicity, and good mechanical properties has attracted much attention. In this study, carboxymethyl starch/polyvinyl alcohol/citric acid (CMS/PVA/CA) hydrogels containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared. The CMS, PVA and CA were used as polymer matrix and bio-based reducing agents for green synthesis of AgNPs. Silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 mM were used to obtain nanocomposite hydrogels containing different AgNPs concentrations (AgNPs-50, AgNPs-100 and AgNPs-150, respectively). The minimum inhibitory concentration against E. coli and S. aureus was observed in CMS/PVA/CA hydrogels containing AgNPs-50. Uniform dispersion of AgNPs-100 in the hydrogel provided the highest storage modulus at 56.4 kPa. AgNPs-loaded hydrogels showed low toxicity to human fibroblast cells indicating good biocompatibility. Incorporation of AgNPs demonstrated an enhancement in antibacterial properties and overall mechanical properties, which makes these nanocomposite hydrogels attractive as novel wound dressing materials.Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has undergone an important development in the detection and identification of extremely low traces of explosives over the past few years. Here we fabricated a new type of three-dimensional (3D) SERS sensors by loading AuNR@AgNCs on bacterial cellulose aerogels for the detection of 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The aerogel substrates with hierarchical pore structure are favored by the construction of dense 3D hot-spot distribution and the enrichment of TNT molecules. The retention aid of polyethyleneimine was used to improve the loading capacity as well as prevent the aggregation of nanoparticles. Moreover, AuNR@AgNCs were modified with p-aminobenzenethiol to improve the affinity of SERS substrates to TNT via the formation of Meisenheimer complex. Owing to the unique structure and morphology of AuNR@AgNCs, the composite SERS substrate can detect trace TNT with a limit of detection of 8 × 10-12 g/L and the SERS enhancement factor is high up to 1.87 × 108.
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