Notes

Picky Inhibition associated with 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type One particular Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis within Rats.
Computational approaches have been proven to be complementary tools of interest for identifying potential candidates for drug repurposing. However, although the methods developed so far offer interesting opportunities and could contribute to solve issues faced by the pharmaceutical sector, they also come with their own constraints. Indeed, specific challenges ranging from data access, standardization and integration to the implementation of reliable and coherent validation methods must be addressed to allow a systematic use at a larger scale. In this mini-review, we cover computational tools recently developed for addressing some of these challenges. This includes specific databases providing accessibility to large set of curated data with standardized annotations, web-based tools integrating flexible user interfaces to perform fast computational repurposing experiments and standardized datasets specifically annotated and balanced for validating new computational drug repurposing methods. Interestingly, these new databases combined to the increasing number of information about the outcomes of drug repurposing studies can be used to perform meta-analysis to identify key properties associated with successful drug repurposing cases. This information could further be used to design estimation methods to compute an a priori assessment of the repurposing possibilities. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Due to the heterogeneous nature of breast cancer, the optimal treatment and expected response for each patient may not necessarily be universal. Molecular imaging techniques could play an important role in the early detection and targeted therapy evaluation of breast cancer. This review focuses on the development of peptides labeled with SPECT and PET radionuclides for breast cancer imaging. We summarized the current status of radiolabeled peptides for different receptors in breast cancer. The characteristics of radionuclides and major techniques for peptide labeling are also briefly discussed. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] Cervical cancer induced by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) remains a leading cause of mortality for women worldwide although preventive vaccines and early diagnosis have reduced morbidity and mortality. Advanced cervical cancer can only be treated with either chemotherapy or radiotherapy but outcomes are poor. The median survival for advanced cervical cancer patients is only 16.8 months. METHODS We undertook a structural search of peer-reviewed published studies based on 1). Characteristics of programmed cell death ligand-1/programmed cell death-1(PD-L1/PD-1) expression in cervical cancer and upstream regulatory signals of PD-L1/PD-1 expression, 2). The role of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis in cervical carcinogenesis induced by HPV infection and 3). Crenolanib mouse Whether the PD-L1/PD-1 axis has emerged as a potential target for cervical cancer therapies. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-six published papers were included in the review, demonstrating that expression of PD-L1/PD-1 is associated with HPV-caused cancemoting the body's immune system to fight the cancer. The expression and roles of the PD-L1/ PD-1 axis in the progression of cervical cancer provide great potential for using PD-L1/PD-1 antibodies as a targeted cancer therapy. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] introduction of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections either by killing or blocking their growth has been accompanied by the studies of mechanism that allows the drugs to kill the bacteria or to stop their proliferation. In such scenario the coming of antibacterial agents active on the bacterial cell wall has been of fundamental importance in the fight against bacterial agents responsible for severe diseases. As a matter of fact cell wall, that plays many roles during lifecycle, is an essential constituent of most bacteria. This overview focus on the intracellular steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis and the research of new antibacterial agents based on the enzymes involved in these early steps of the formation of cell membrane components. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against tumor-associated antigens have been shown to target tumors with specificity and selectivity; therefore, it was hypothesized that cancer could be treated with mAbs without side effects. In the early 1980s, clinical studies demonstrated that tumors could be visualized using radiolabeled mAbs. However, with the introduction of positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), antibody-based imaging became less important because of its limited diagnostic accuracy. During the last two decades, a revival of imaging with radiolabeled mAbs has taken place, specifically PET with longer half-life isotopes. Development of immune checkpoints as targets for immunotherapy has opened opportunities for development of a wide variety of antibodies, such as anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-L1, and anti-PD1. Thus, imaging with these antibodies radiolabeled with 89Zr or another long-half-life PET isotope, known as immuno-PET, has become mainstream. OBJECTIVE To review the rapid development of immuno-PET for the detection of cancer and assessment of therapeutic response combining surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and/or immunotherapy. This review includes reports on the radiolabeling, imaging and clinical utility of 89Zr-, 64Cu-, and 124I-labeled mAbs. RESULTS More than 120 research and review articles on immuno-PET were reviewed. CONCLUSION Many mAbs have been developed and used for treatment of cancer; however, a limited number of antibodies have been radiolabeled for immuno-PET. While much progress has been made with the therapeutic applications of mAbs, immuno-PET for diagnosis and treatment assessment needs more work. Improved chelating agents and extensive imaging studies are needed to refine immuno-PET for the diagnosis of cancers and assessment of response to therapy. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected].
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