Notes

Exogenous loading involving miRNAs into modest extracellular vesicles.
Thus, both treatment regimens are similarly effective. Their selection should therefore be based on the potential side effects.
In our real-world data analysis, patients treated with platin/paclitaxel/bevacizumab had better overall response rate (ORR), but not PFS or OS. Thus, both treatment regimens are similarly effective. Their selection should therefore be based on the potential side effects.
Tacrolimus is an essential immunosuppressant for successful allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT). This study aimed to examine the change in the blood concentration of tacrolimus during switching from intravenous to oral administration in allo-HSCT for paediatric cancer to predict the optimal dosage.

We retrospectively examined the medical records of 63 patients who received allo-HSCT and were administered tacrolimus. To compare bioavailability among different dose ranges, the blood concentration was divided by the dose (C/D).

Thirty-nine patients (age range=children 1-15 years, adults 17-67 years) were switched to oral administration of tacrolimus. The C/D after switching was significantly lower in children than in adults (p=0.039). There was a strong positive correlation between age and C/D in children, whereas no correlation was observed in adults.

In paediatric cancer patients, switching tacrolimus administration route may result in reduced blood concentrations. This tendency is more prominent in younger children.
In paediatric cancer patients, switching tacrolimus administration route may result in reduced blood concentrations. This tendency is more prominent in younger children.
High-grade gliomas have a poor prognosis despite standard treatment. Danirixin The aim of the study was to identify new prognostic factors to select patients who need more intense treatment.

Forty-three consecutive patients underwent surgery plus chemoradiotherapy for pathologically diagnosed high-grade gliomas (grade III, IV).

The median survival time was 989 days, and the 1-year survival rate was 87.6%. Among patients with grade IV disease, the median survival time, 1-year, and 2-year survival rate were 814 days, 82.6%, and 58.7%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, unmethylated MGMT promoter (p=0.0495), brainstem infiltration (p=0.0004), basal ganglia as the primary lesion site (p=0.0056), 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (p=0.0286), and <50 Gy (p=0.0049) were associated with a poor prognosis. In the multivariate analysis, only brainstem infiltration retained significance (HR for death, 0.21; 95% CI=0.06-0.70; p=0.011).

Brainstem infiltration is a novel prognostic factor for poor prognosis in patients with high-grade gliomas.
Brainstem infiltration is a novel prognostic factor for poor prognosis in patients with high-grade gliomas.
Few previous studies have evaluated the effectiveness of single-isocenter multitarget (SIMT) stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in clinical practice.

Gross tumor volumes of 113 metastases in 13 patients were measured by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Prescribed doses were set at 20-24 Gy. Based on tumor reduction rates (TRRs) measured before and after SIMT SRS, tumor shrinkage effect was categorized into four grades; almost disappeared TRR=1, decreased 0.3≤TRR<1, stable -0.2<TRR<0.3 and increased TRR≤-0.2. Tumor shrinkage effects were compared among 3 groups; near group with a distance of <3.2 cm, middle group with a distance of ≥3.2 cm and <6.4 cm, and far group with a distance of ≥6.4 cm, categorized by distance from the isocenter.

Median survival time was 17 months, with 63.7%, 11.5% and 12.4% of metastases corresponded to almost disappeared, decreased and stable, respectively. No significant difference was found in the distribution for TRRs among 3 groups.

Good local control of multiple brain metastases was demonstrated by SIMT SRS, irrespective of distance from the isocenter.
Good local control of multiple brain metastases was demonstrated by SIMT SRS, irrespective of distance from the isocenter.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered a leading cause of death in patients with haemophilia. Recent advances in the treatment of unresectable HCC with molecular-targeted agents (MTAs) have led to better clinical outcomes. However, the tolerability of MTAs by haemophilic patients with HCC remains unclear.

This study aimed to compare the tolerability of MTAs in such patients.

From January 2011 to October 2020, five haemophilic patients with HCC were treated with MTAs. Adverse events were assessed in comparison with 265 non-haemophilic patients with HCC.

The prevalence of hand-foot skin reaction was not higher in the haemophiliacs than in the non-haemophiliacs, whereas the rate of haemorrhagic events was higher in the haemophiliacs (6.0% versus 40.0%, p=0.037).

Haemophiliacs tolerate long-term MTA use, without the occurrence of life-threatening complications. However, careful observation and prevention are needed for MTA-related gastrointestinal bleeding in haemophiliacs.
Haemophiliacs tolerate long-term MTA use, without the occurrence of life-threatening complications. However, careful observation and prevention are needed for MTA-related gastrointestinal bleeding in haemophiliacs.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DILD) on treatment outcomes by comparing the mortality of patients with DILD induced by different pharmacological types of anticancer drugs.

Japanese patients with lung cancer who had received chemotherapy at Fujita Health University Hospital were enrolled. The primary outcome was the short-term mortality rate from the administration of chemotherapy that might have caused DILD.

Eleven, 16, and 20 patients with DILD were assigned to the kinase inhibitor (KI), immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), and cytotoxic anticancer drug groups, respectively. The 90-day mortality rate after the DILD event in the group treated with cytotoxic anticancer drugs was significantly higher than in the KI and ICI groups.

Patients with DILD induced by cytotoxic anticancer drugs have poorer prognoses than those with DILD induced by KIs or ICIs.
Patients with DILD induced by cytotoxic anticancer drugs have poorer prognoses than those with DILD induced by KIs or ICIs.
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