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Intramedullary lesion resection is an effective treatment for spinal cord MPA. Methylprednisolone is also recommended for postoperative treatment.In the development of governmental policy for artificial intelligence (AI) that is informed by ethics, one avenue currently pursued is that of drawing on "AI Ethics Principles". However, these AI Ethics Principles often fail to be actioned in governmental policy. This paper proposes a novel framework for the development of 'Actionable Principles for AI'. The approach acknowledges the relevance of AI Ethics Principles and homes in on methodological elements to increase their practical implementability in policy processes. As a case study, elements are extracted from the development process of the Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI of the European Commission's "High Level Expert Group on AI". Subsequently, these elements are expanded on and evaluated in light of their ability to contribute to a prototype framework for the development of 'Actionable Principles for AI'. The paper proposes the following three propositions for the formation of such a prototype framework (1) preliminary landscape assessments; (2) multi-stakeholder participation and cross-sectoral feedback; and, (3) mechanisms to support implementation and operationalizability.
Pedicle or free-flap reconstruction is important in surgical sarcoma management. Free flaps are indicated only when pedicle flaps are considered inadequate; however, they are associated with a higher risk of flap failure, longer surgical times, and technical difficulty. To determine the skin defect size that can be covered by a pedicle flap, we investigated the clinical outcomes and complications of reconstruction using pedicle flaps vs. free flaps after sarcoma resection.

We retrospectively studied the medical records of 24 patients with soft-tissue sarcomas who underwent reconstruction using a pedicle (n = 20) or free flap (n = 4) following wide tumour resection.

All skin defects of the knee, lower leg, and ankle were reconstructed using a pedicle flap. Skin defects of the knee, lower leg, and ankle were covered by up to 525cm
, 325cm
, and 234cm
, respectively. The amount of blood loss was significantly greater in the free-flap group than in the pedicle flap group (p = 0.011). Surgical time was significantly shorter in the pedicle flap group than in the free-flap group (p = 0.006). Total necrosis was observed in one (25%) patient in the free-flap group; no case of total necrosis was observed in the pedicle flap group.

Less blood loss, shorter surgical time, and lower risk of total flap necrosis are notable advantages of pedicle flaps over free flaps. Most skin defects, even large ones, of the lower extremities following sarcoma resection can be covered using a single pedicle flap or multiple pedicle flaps.
Less blood loss, shorter surgical time, and lower risk of total flap necrosis are notable advantages of pedicle flaps over free flaps. Most skin defects, even large ones, of the lower extremities following sarcoma resection can be covered using a single pedicle flap or multiple pedicle flaps.Lentiviruses are increasingly used as gene delivery vehicles for vaccines and immunotherapies. However, the purification of clinical-grade lentivirus vectors for therapeutic use is still troublesome and limits preclinical and clinical experiments. Current purification methods such as ultracentrifugation and ultrafiltration are time consuming and do not remove all of the impurities such as cellular debris, membrane fragments, and denatured proteins from the lentiviruses. The same challenges exist in terms of their analytical characterization. Presented here is the novel demonstration of the chromatographic isolation of virus particles from culture media based on the hydrophobicity characteristics of the vesicles. A method was developed to isolate lentivirus from media using a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) method performed on a polyester, capillary-channeled polymer (PET C-CP) stationary phase and a standard liquid chromatography apparatus. The method is an extension of the approach developed in this laboratory for the isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to verify and quantify lentiviruses in elution fractions. Load and elution mobile phase compositions were optimized to affect high efficiency and throughput. The process has been visualized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the fiber surfaces following media injection, the elution of proteinaceous material, and the elution of lentiviruses. This effort has yielded a rapid ( less then 10 min), low-cost ( less then $15 per column, providing multiple separations), and efficient method for the isolation/purification of lentivirus particles from cell culture media at the analytical scale.Traditional Chinese medicines played an important role in the treatment of COVID-19 in 2020. Ephedra sinica, one of the major constituent herbs of multi-component herbal formula, has been widely used to treat COVID-19 in China. However, its active components are still unclear. The objectives of this study are to screen and evaluate active components from the traditional Chinese medicine Ephedra sinica for the treatment of COVID-19. In our study, we established an ACE2/CMC bioaffinity chromatography model, and then developed an ACE2/CMC-HPLC-IT-TOF-MS system for the active compounds screening and identification from Ephedra sinica extract. We performed molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays to assess the binding characteristics (binding mode and KD value). We used CCK-8 staining to assess the toxicity of screened compounds, and also used SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus to observe the viropexis effect of screened compounds in ACE2h cells. Elenbecestat cell line In this current work, one fraction was fished out, separated and identified as ephedrine (EP), pseudoephedrine (PEP), and methylephedrine (MEP). Binding assays showed that the three compounds could bind with ACE2 in a special way to some amino acid residues, similar to the way SARS-CoV-2 bound with ACE2. Additionally, the three compounds, especially EP, can inhibit the entrance of SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudovirus into ACE2h cells because they can reduce the entrance ratio of pseudovirus in the pseudovirus model. Overall, the ACE2/CMC-HPLC-IT-TOF-MS system was established and verified to be suitable for ACE2-targeted bioactive compound screening. EP, PEP, and MEP with ACE2-binding features were screened out from Ephedra sinica, and acted as blockers inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudovirus entering ACE2h cells.
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